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Abstract

Bottom trawl fishery is carried out intensively throughout the season in the Black sea. For this reason, the selectivity effects of five codend with different mesh size, shapes and escape panels (commercial (40D), 50 mm diamond-shaped (50D), and 40 mm square-mesh (40S) and radial square mesh escape panels (RSEP) which were added to the front and back section of 40D) were investigated. Using a commercial fishing trawl, 44 valid hauls were carried out from August 23 rd to October 24 th 2016 on the Sakarya coast to the South west of the Black Sea. The L50 value of commercial cod end was calculated as was 12.9 cm for Mullus barbatus (red mullet), and was improved in cod ends with RSEPs. Further, the L50 values obtained from the other cod ends were found to be very high (40S: 15.62 cm, 50D: 15.24 cm). It was noticed that none of the cod ends showed sufficient selectivity for bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix), which was caught as bycatch. The comparative account of the findings of current study with the previous studies advocates that the cod ends need to be made from PA netting and RSEP should be applied for more escape area.

Ni(II)‐Diphosphine‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Synthesis of Aromatic 1,5‐Diketones

“…[17] Various 1,5-diketones were prepared by Michael-type addition of cyclohexanone to chalcone derivatives under solvent free conditions using a phase transfer catalyst. [18] It is noteworthy that the inexpensive transition metals like Ni(II) salts with green and safe sources have not been practically explored extensively. The present work describes the catalytic applications of Ni(II)-diphosphine complexes in the one-pot synthesis of 1,5-diketones in moderate yields.…”