“…These applications require a frequency of 10 messages per second with a maximum no message interval (or a tolerance time window) of [0.3sec,1.0sec] [1,4,5]. In addition, these applications pose a strict fairness requirement on oPBC [6,7], where each vehicle should have equal opportunity for using the shared channel. In this type of system, message loss is unavoidable (we explain the causes below); however, it must not be the case that one or a few vehicles take all the loss, because this would result in these vehicles becoming a danger to their surrounding vehicles.…”