MAC of 1–653 in Beagle Dogs and New Zealand White Rabbits

Doorley, Brian M.; Waters, Stephen J.; Terrell, Ross C.; Robinson, James L.

doi:10.1097/00000542-198807000-00013

Cited by 74 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…When delivered at equal partial pressures, sevoflurane equilibration between the alveolar and central nervous system partial pressures may actually be slightly faster than for desflurane in rabbits. Yet since it is much less potent than sevoflurane as an anesthetic, 31,32 desflurane is typically administered at much higher concentrations, and these higher partial pressure gradients may still permit faster wash-in and washout kinetics. 7 A similar effect has been demonstrated for desflurane and nitrous oxide in humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solubility of Haloether Anesthetics in Human and Animal Blood

et al. 2012

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Background Anesthetic blood solubility predicts pharmacokinetics for inhaled agents and is essential for determination of blood anesthetic concentrations from end-tidal gas concentrations using Henry’s Law. Though used to model anesthetic effects in humans, there are limited interspecies solubility comparisons that include modern haloethers. This study aimed to measure hematocrit-adjusted blood:gas anesthetic partition coefficients (λB:G) for desflurane, sevoflurane, isoflurane, and methoxyflurane in humans and animals. Methods Whole blood was collected from 20 rats, 8 horses, and 4 each of cats, cattle, humans, dogs, goats, pigs, rabbits, and sheep. Plasma or cell volume was removed to adjust all samples to a packed cell volume of 40%. A single agent calibration gas headspace was added to blood in a glass syringe and was mixed and equilibrated at 37°C for 2 hours. Agent concentrations in the calibration gas and syringe headspace were measured using gas chromatography. Anesthetic solubility in saline, citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine, and olive oil were similarly measured. Results Except for goats, all animal species had at least one λB:G measurement that differed significantly from humans. For each agent, λB:G positively correlated with serum triglyceride concentrations, but this only explained 25% of interspecies variability. Desflurane was significantly less soluble in blood than sevoflurane in some species (e.g., humans) but not in others (e.g., rabbits). Conclusions Anesthetic partition coefficients differ significantly between humans and most animals for haloether anesthetics. Because of their similar λB:G values, goats may be a better animal model for inhaled anesthetic pharmacokinetics in people.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solubility of Haloether Anesthetics in Human and Animal Blood

et al. 2012

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“…The authors used MACs of 2.1% for isoflurane, 3.7% for sevoflurane, and 8.9% for desflurane. [14][15][16] Measurements were performed 60 minutes after the start of inhalation at 0.5 MAC to minimize the hemodynamic effects of propofol and 30 minutes after the start of inhalation at 1.0 or 1.5 MAC. After all observations were completed and volatile anesthetic administration was stopped, the authors confirmed the recovery in tissue blood flow and the parameters for systemic circulation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Volatile Anesthetics on Oral Tissue Blood Flow in Rabbits: A Comparison Among Isoflurane, Sevoflurane, and Desflurane

Okamoto

Matsuura

Ichinohe

2015

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

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“…After volatile induction, anaesthesia was maintained with a 1.0 minimal alveolar concentration (MAC) of desflurane (8.9%; Doorley et al 1988) for 30 min during spontaneous ventilation. The concentration of desflurane inside the induction chamber was continuously measured by an infrared anaesthetic analyser that was calibrated with a known standard prior to and during experimentation.…”

Section: Administration Of Desfluranementioning

confidence: 99%

Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor γ mediates the second window of anaesthetic-induced preconditioning

Lotz¹,

Lange²,

Redel³

et al. 2011

Experimental Physiology

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The second window of anaesthetic-induced preconditioning (APC) is afforded by the interplay of multiple signalling pathways, whereas a similar protective response is mediated by peroxisomeproliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonists. However, a possible role of this nuclear receptor during APC has not been studied to date. We investigated the hypothesis that the second window of APC is mediated by the activation of PPARγ. New Zealand White rabbits (n = 48) were subjected to 30 min of coronary artery occlusion followed by 3 h of reperfusion. The animals received desflurane (1.0 minimal alveolar concentration), the PPARγ antagonist GW9662, as well as the combined application of both, respectively, 24 h prior to coronary artery occlusion. Infarct size was determined gravimetrically; tissue levels of 15-deoxy-12,14 -prostaglandin J 2 (15d-PGJ 2 ) and nitrite/nitrate (NO x ), as well as PPAR DNA binding were measured using specific assays. Data are presented as means ± s.e.m. Desflurane led to a reduced myocardial infarct size (41.7 ± 2.5 versus 61.8 ± 2.8%, P < 0.05), accompanied by significantly increased PPAR DNA binding (289.9 ± 33 versus 102.9 ± 18 relative light units, P < 0.05), as well as elevated tissue levels of 15d-PGJ 2 (224.4 ± 10.2 versus 116.9 ± 14.2 pg ml −1 , P < 0.05) and NO x (14.9 ± 0.7 versus 5.4 ± 0.7 μm, P < 0.05). Pharmacological inhibition of PPARγ abolished these protective effects, resetting the infarct size (56.5 ± 2.9%), as well as PPAR DNA-binding activity (91.2 ± 31 relative light units) and NO x tissue levels (5.9 ± 0.9 μm) back to control levels. Desflurane governs a second window of APC by increasing the production of 15d-PGJ 2 , subsequently activating PPARγ, resulting in a diminished myocardial infarct size by increasing the downstream availability of NO.

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MAC of 1–653 in Beagle Dogs and New Zealand White Rabbits

Cited by 74 publications

References 0 publications

Solubility of Haloether Anesthetics in Human and Animal Blood

Solubility of Haloether Anesthetics in Human and Animal Blood

Effects of Volatile Anesthetics on Oral Tissue Blood Flow in Rabbits: A Comparison Among Isoflurane, Sevoflurane, and Desflurane

Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor γ mediates the second window of anaesthetic-induced preconditioning

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