Macbeth

Dunbar, Norah E.; Wilson, Scott; Adame, Bradley J.; Elizondo, Javier; Jensen, Matthew L.; Miller, Claude H.; Kauffman, Abigail Allums; Seltsam, Toby; Bessarabova, Elena; Vincent, Cindy; Straub, Sara K.; Ralston, Ryan; Dulawan, Christopher L.; Ramirez, Dennis; Squire, Kurt; Valacich, Joseph S.; Burgoon, Judee K.

doi:10.4018/ijgbl.2013100102

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The article on retention by Dunbar et al (2017) investigated the effectiveness of the MACBETH debiasing game (Dunbar et al, 2013) played either once or twice for 30 or 60 min in a single-or multi-player mode with either immediate or delayed feedback on biases, and a control condition in which a bias training video was presented. The game and video both aimed to mitigate the fundamental attribution error and the confirmation bias.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retention and Transfer of Cognitive Bias Mitigation Interventions: A Systematic Literature Study

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cognitive biases can adversely affect human judgment and decision making and should therefore preferably be mitigated, so that we can achieve our goals as effectively as possible. Hence, numerous bias mitigation interventions have been developed and evaluated. However, to be effective in practical situations beyond laboratory conditions, the bias mitigation effects of these interventions should be retained over time and should transfer across contexts. This systematic review provides an overview of the literature on retention and transfer of bias mitigation interventions. A systematic search yielded 52 studies that were eligible for screening. At the end of the selection process, only 12 peer-reviewed studies remained that adequately studied retention over a period of at least 14 days (all 12 studies) or transfer to different tasks and contexts (one study). Eleven of the relevant studies investigated the effects of bias mitigation training using game- or video-based interventions. These 11 studies showed considerable overlap regarding the biases studied, kinds of interventions, and decision-making domains. Most of them indicated that gaming interventions were effective after the retention interval and that games were more effective than video interventions. The study that investigated transfer of bias mitigation training (next to retention) found indications of transfer across contexts. To be effective in practical circumstances, achieved effects of cognitive training should lead to enduring changes in the decision maker's behavior and should generalize toward other task domains or training contexts. Given the small number of overlapping studies, our main conclusion is that there is currently insufficient evidence that bias mitigation interventions will substantially help people to make better decisions in real life conditions. This is in line with recent theoretical insights about the “hard-wired” neural and evolutionary origin of cognitive biases.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retention and Transfer of Cognitive Bias Mitigation Interventions: A Systematic Literature Study

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Players are encouraged to rely more directly on situational, as opposed to dispositional, cues to mitigate FAE; correct answers in Archive are rewarded with resources that can be used to unlock additional intel. A more detailed development of the MACBETH game is beyond the scope of this paper, but can be found elsewhere (Dunbar et al, 2013).…”

Section: Experimental Conditions: Macbeth and The Instructional Videomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Although others have attempted to reduce bias through a variety of training methods, the effectiveness of those attempts has been minimal and their lasting effects remain unclear (Dunbar et al, 2013). To our knowledge, no other experimental studies of video game training for the mitigation of cognitive bias have been published.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implicit and explicit training in the mitigation of cognitive bias through the use of a serious game

Dunbar

Miller

Adame

et al. 2014

Computers in Human Behavior

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tHeuristics can interfere with information processing and hinder decision-making when more systematic processes that might lead to better decisions are ignored. Based on the heuristic-systematic model (HSM) of information processing, a serious training game (called MACBETH) was designed to address and mitigate cognitive biases that interfere with the analysis of evidence and the generation of hypotheses. Two biases are the focus of this paper-fundamental attribution error and confirmation bias. The efficacy of the serious game on knowledge and mitigation of biases was examined using an experiment in which participants (N = 703) either played the MACBETH game or watched an instructional video about the biases. Results demonstrate the game to be more effective than the video at mitigating cognitive biases when explicit training methods are combined with repetitive play. Moreover, explicit instruction within the game provided greater familiarity and knowledge of the biases relative to implicit instruction. Suggestions for game development for purposes of enhancing cognitive processing and bias mitigation based on the MACBETH game design are discussed.

show abstract

“…One of the games, called MACBETH, simulates the role of an intelligence analyst whose mission is to prevent an imminent terrorist attack by figuring out the identity of the terrorist suspect. In order to help the player mitigating the CBs affecting his/her way of reasoning, the game relies on a system of feedback and awards that encourage the analyst to select disconfirming evidence and use it for formulating hypotheses [29]. A similar effort has been carried out by Symborski and colleagues with the development of the serious game 'Missing' [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IT-induced cognitive biases in intelligence analysis: big data analytics and serious games

Zanasi¹,

Ruini²

2018

Int. J. SAFE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cognitive biases are unconscious deviations in judgement-rooted in the very nature of the human mind-that represent a common source of failure in intelligence analysis. This article investigates the relationship between cognitive biases and big data analytics in the intelligence domain. Big data analytics tools can assist analysts with the discovery of hidden patterns within large datasets, thus eliminating some of the factors responsible for the rise of cognitive biases. Such technologies, however, do not make analysts immune to cognitive biases and, if in the hands of inexperienced users, may even facilitate their occurrence. To illustrate this dynamics, the article provides a series of examples showing how different types of IT technologies commonly used by intelligence analysts may cause or facilitate the emergence of specific cognitive biases. Building on the work carried out during the RECOBIA and LEILA projects, the article proposes serious games as a solution for mitigating the effects of both ITand non-IT-induced cognitive biases.

show abstract

Macbeth

Cited by 20 publications

References 27 publications

Retention and Transfer of Cognitive Bias Mitigation Interventions: A Systematic Literature Study

Retention and Transfer of Cognitive Bias Mitigation Interventions: A Systematic Literature Study

Implicit and explicit training in the mitigation of cognitive bias through the use of a serious game

IT-induced cognitive biases in intelligence analysis: big data analytics and serious games

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About