Machine direction orientation of high density polyethylene (HDPE): Barrier and optical properties

Chatterjee, Tirtha; Patel, Rajen M.; Garnett, J. L.; Paradkar, Rajesh P.; Ge, Shouren; Liu, Li Zhi; Forziati, Kenneth T.; Shah, Nik

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2014.06.029

Cited by 42 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…However, the permeability coefficient of unstretched HDPE/GNP composite drastically decreased by 64% due to the two‐dimensional structure and very high aspect ratio of GNPs resulting in an increased tortuosity in the diffusion path of gaseous molecules. The permeability coefficient of stretched (SR = 3) neat HDPE and MWCNTs and CB filled HDPE decreased by about 10%, which is likely attributed to the increased crystallinity of stretched samples . Interestingly, compared with the unstretched HDPE/GNP composite, the permeability coefficient of stretched HDPE/GNP composite at a SR of 3 significantly decreased by about two orders of magnitude to only 4.1 × 10 −16 cm 3 cm/cm 2 s Pa, which is quite close to the theoretical value (3.6 × 10 −16 cm 3 cm/cm 2 s Pa) from a Cussler model ( Eq . )…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Comparative study on the deformation behavior, structural evolution, and properties of biaxially stretched high‐density polyethylene/carbon nanofiller (carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoplatelets, and carbon black) composites

et al. 2017

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In this article, a comparative study of biaxial stretching at different stretching ratios for melt mixed high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)/carbon nanofiller composites containing 4 wt% multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) or carbon black (CB) was conducted in order to investigate the influence of the carbon nanofillers on the processability of the material and on its final properties after processing. It is shown that the addition of carbon nanofillers results in a significant strain hardening behavior upon biaxial stretching, greatly improving the deformation stability and thus processability of the material. The reinforcement effectiveness of the nanofillers in strain hardening behavior is CB < MWCNTs < GNPs. The GNPs exhibit the most efficient reinforcement in modulus for the stretched samples, while the CB exhibits the most efficient reinforcement in tensile strength. Biaxial deformation destroys the conductive pathways of the nanofillers due to an increased interparticle distance and the destruction of nanofiller network structure. The MWCNT‐filled composites exhibit a more robust conductive network during stretching as a result of more interlacing or entanglement of the one‐dimensional nanotubes. The oxygen permeability coefficient of the material decreases significantly with the addition of GNPs, and which can be further reduced by two orders of magnitude after biaxial deformation due to the parallel alignment of two‐dimensional GNPs in the stretching plane. This study provides important information on the selection of carbon nanofillers for the processing and design of multifunctional polymer composites. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:E909–E923, 2018. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Comparative study on the deformation behavior, structural evolution, and properties of biaxially stretched high‐density polyethylene/carbon nanofiller (carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoplatelets, and carbon black) composites

et al. 2017

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“…While in the non-stretched film the melting peak occurs for a temperature about 129.5 o C, the most stretched film exhibits a peak at 133 o C. Moreover, analogously to DR, the melting temperature increases continuously with the stretching ratio increase. The increase of melting temperature in HDPE stretched films was previously observed by Chatterjee et al [8] and attributed to a change of crystal morphology upon stretching. They argued that the average melting temperature of lamellar crystals is lower than that of the fibrillar structure.…”

Section: -2supporting

confidence: 68%

Characterization of the crystal orientation in mono-oriented films of HDPE/LLDPE blends by IR dichroism

Canevarolo¹,

Elias²,

Ravazzi³

et al. 2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. Polyethylene films are a common packaging material. The level and type of chain orientation in these films are a very important property which is of great care and concern of the converter personnel during the conformation process. Usually bi-orientation is the conventional procedure but when easy tear in one direction is needed mono-orientation is sought. This paper deal with the characterization of the crystalline orientation in films of polyethylene blends (HDPE/LLDPE) which have being oriented in two steps: initially the polymer was bi-oriented via extrusion-blown, cooled, and then in a second process hot stretched along the machine direction in order to produce mono-oriented films. In order to evaluate the orientation of the film, the polarization of the FT-IR beam was rotated 360º in steps of 5º by rotating the polarizer. In each step the absorbance spectrum was recorded and the corresponding dichroic ratio (DR) calculated after subtracting the baseline. With differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was possible to infer about the changes in the morphology caused by the stretching.

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“…To allow the robust transformation of the resin granulates into films and to aid further manufacturing through to the finished products, additives are used to adjust the characteristics of the resin. PE has interesting water barrier properties and mechanical properties [8,9]. EVOH is remarkable for its barrier properties to CO 2 and O 2 gases [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of γ-irradiated polyethylene-ethylene vinyl alcohol-polyethylene multilayer films: An ESR study

Audran

Dorey²,

Dupuy

et al. 2015

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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International audienceThe present work aims to investigate by ESR the effects of gamma-irradiation on antioxidants and on solid multilayer films used in biomedical applications. The multilayer films analyzed here are mainly composed of polyethylene and ethylene vinyl alcohol. Radical species are monitored over time after gamma-irradiation at several doses (30, 50,115 and 270 kGy) using ESR to assess the impact of the dose-value on the formation of the radicals

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Machine direction orientation of high density polyethylene (HDPE): Barrier and optical properties

Cited by 42 publications

References 66 publications

Comparative study on the deformation behavior, structural evolution, and properties of biaxially stretched high‐density polyethylene/carbon nanofiller (carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoplatelets, and carbon black) composites

Comparative study on the deformation behavior, structural evolution, and properties of biaxially stretched high‐density polyethylene/carbon nanofiller (carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoplatelets, and carbon black) composites

Characterization of the crystal orientation in mono-oriented films of HDPE/LLDPE blends by IR dichroism

Degradation of γ-irradiated polyethylene-ethylene vinyl alcohol-polyethylene multilayer films: An ESR study

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