“…Based on the number of buses considered, these systems can be classified as small (≤50 busbars),medium (between 50 and 500 busbars), or large (¿500 busbars). Small test systems used in the literature are the IEEE 4-bus test system (Abbass et al, 2023), the IEEE 9-bus test system (Bahbah & Girgis, 2004;Goh et al, 2015;Hossain & Kumar, 2023;C. Xu et al, 2005), the IEEE 14bus power system (Adewuyi, Shigenobu, Ooya, Senjyu, & Howlader, 2019;Ali et al, 2015;Dharmapala et al, 2020;Goh et al, 2015;Innah & Hiyama, 2011;Jayasankar et al, 2010;Ortiz-Villalba et al, 2020;Pannell et al, 2018;Pérez-Londoño et al, 2017;, the IEEE 24-bus power system (Y. , the IEEE 30-bus power system (Ali et al, 2015;Jain et al, 2003;Mukherjee & De, 2020;Nandanwar et al, 2018;Pérez-Londoño et al, 2017;Suganyadevi et al, 2016;Suliman & Rahman, 2010;, the IEEE 39-bus New England (Adewole & Tzoneva, 2017;Azman et al, 2020;Bahmanyar & Karami, 2014;Bo et al, 2014;Cepeda et al, 2014;Chen et al, 2019;Echeverría et al, 2017;Frimpong et al, 2017;Gomez et al, 2011;Gu & Li, 2013;Hashiesh et al, 2012;Hossain & Kumar, 2023;Hu et al, 2019;F.…”