Machine‐to‐machine communication with long‐term evolution with reduced device energy consumption

Abstract

We present a method to reduce the device battery consumption to efficiently support battery‐operated machine‐to‐machine (M2M) communication in 3GPP long‐term evolution. The long‐term evolution discontinuous reception (DRX) is a key mechanism in reducing the device energy consumption, and we discuss how the traffic behaviour of machines in the Internet of things scenarios differs from the typical cellular user of today, for whom the current DRX mechanism is optimised for. We list typical transactions in M2M scenarios and discuss how the DRX operation is affected. We continue by introducing a power consumption model for M2M devices. Our assumption is that the device transmits small amounts of data in the uplink with deterministic intervals. The model takes into account the energy consumption in the active and the nonactive periods of the communication, which alternate depending on the DRX configuration. We use the model with different parameter settings referring to potential future M2M devices and identify the parameters, which contribute most to the device energy consumption. The results indicate that making the current maximum DRX cycle length longer will lead to significant gains in the energy consumption of M2M devices compared with what is possible today. Our key contributions include the discussion of the DRX mechanism in the Internet of things scenarios and the realistic assumptions for the potential of trading the responsiveness of a device for energy consumption gain with very long DRX cycles. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Increasing power efficiency in long-term evolution (LTE) networks for machine-to-machine (M2M) communications

“…The next step is 4b (active state and transmission state). or b. the UE is in idle mode and it needs to establish signaling and radio bearers, that is, it initiates the idle to connected mode transition (including RA procedure) (We assume 50 ms of reception and 5 ms of transmission for carrying out the procedure [7]. Note that this does not explicitly include ACK messages.…”

“…During the sleep time, we assume that most of the baseband processing can be turned off, resulting in very low power consumption. The digital baseband band could take up to 30% of the total power consumption, but it should be possible to turn much of the functionalities off, especially if the UE is expected to be sleeping for long periods of time (more details can be found, e.g., in [7]). …”

“…The presented model is based on Ref. [7] and 3GPP RAN WG2 contribution R2-132805. 8 The power consumption values and purpose of the four parts are listed below.…”

GFDM Frame Design for 5G Application Scenarios

“…In order to establish an approximate estimative of the impact from the frame design into the power consumption, a simplified consumption model based on [29] and [30] was applied on a mobile autonomous reporting (MAR) IoT device [31]. We assume periodic reports transmission without ARQ.…”

“…In the adopted model, a MAR device stays on sleep mode most of the time and bursts data following the steps described next: i) Warm-up to wake up from sleep; ii) Time and frequency synchronization; iii) Transmission of one FEC block (TTI); iv) Turning off the RF circuitry; and v) sleep considering 1 transmission per hour. The power consumption analysis mentioned in this paper considers a 3.3 V battery with capacity of 6, 500 Joules [30].…”