Macro‐ and microscopic study on the tongue and lingual papillae of Bison bonasus hybrid as an interspecific species (Bos taurus × Bison bonasus)

Abstract

Nowadays the processes of crossing of different mammalian species are well characterized in light of genetics, and possibility of reproduction. Generally, lack detailed studies on changes in anatomy and histology of internal systems of hybrids. Bison bonasus hybrid is an interspecific species between the bull of European bison (Bison bonasus), and female of domesticated cattle (Bos taurus). To study the anatomy of tongue and distribution of lingual papillae on Bison bonasus hybrid tongue, a stereomicroscopic and scanning electron microscopic observations was conducted. We aimed to study the appearance of macro‐ and microscopic traits in relation to parental species and other bovids. Results indicate that Bison bonasus hybrid tongue possesses characteristic traits for parental species and ruminants from Bovidae family and also species‐specific features differ from mentioned animals. Specific new traits in hybrid are: V‐shaped arrangement of lingual papillae on ventral surface of the tongue, rosette arrangement of conical papillae on the top of lingual prominence, bigger number of vallate papillae and closer arrangement of vallate papillae. In hybrid observed also the appearance of combination of parental traits. Similar to European bison are rectangular shape of lingual prominence and absence of filiform papillae on the root of tongue. Presence of lateral processes of filiform papillae on the apex of tongue, and arrangement of vallate papillae into two rows corresponded to cattle. Development of new morphological features of tongue and its mucosal papillae in Bison bonasus hybrid opens new issue for future studies on organs of digestive system in animals after hybridization.

Scanning electron microscopic characterizations of the tongue of the Nubian goat (Capra aegagrus hircus): A specialized focus on its papillary system adaptation to Egyptian environmental conditions

“…Also, most herbivorous mammalian species have this distinct lingual prominence (Abumandour & El‐Bakary, 2013; Kandyel et al, 2021; Massoud & Abumandour, 2019). Our findings revealed that the presence of the median lingual sulcus on the dorsal surface of the apex, similar most ruminant species regardless of their feeding strategies (Ding et al, 2016; El‐Bakary & Abumandour, 2017; Erdoğan & Sağsöz, 2018; Jackowiak et al, 2017; Mahdy et al, 2021) while it was observed on the dorsal surface of the Bison bonasus hybrid tongue (Plewa & Jackowiak, 2020), but it extended from the apex to the body in fallow deer (Jackowiak et al, 2017). Also, the median sulcus was observed in other non‐ruminant herbivorous animals (Abumandour & El‐Bakary, 2013; Massoud & Abumandour, 2019).…”

Morphological adaptation of the tongue of okapi (Okapia johnstoni Artiodactyla, Giraffidae)—Anatomy, histology, and ultrastructure

“…Conical papillae were found on the lingual torus, which has often been described in various other ruminants (Adnyane et al, 2011;Emura et al, 2011a;2011b;Emura et al, 2013, Emura et al 2000, Erdogan & Pérez, 2013bFarrag et al, 2022;Harem et al, 2011;Jackowiak et al, 2017;Karadag Sa et al, 2010;Plewa & Jackowiak, 2020;Yoshimura et al, 2000;Zheng & Kobayashi, 2006).…”

“…Conical papillae were found on the lingual torus, which has often been described in various other ruminants (Adnyane et al, 2011; Emura et al, 2011a; 2011b; Emura et al, 2013, Emura et al 2000, Erdogan & Pérez, 2013b; Farrag et al, 2022; Harem et al, 2011; Jackowiak et al, 2017; Karadag Sa et al, 2010; Plewa & Jackowiak, 2020; Yoshimura et al, 2000; Zheng & Kobayashi, 2006). Some of the conical papillae in the okapi could be described as lenticular papillae; this term is often used for reduced, very flattened papillae on the lingual torus in ruminants (Plewa & Jackowiak, 2020). In the giraffe, all mechanical papillae are classified as conical and lenticular (Emura et al, 2013, Pérez et al 2012), and conical papillae are not limited to the lingual torus, also being found on the apex and body.…”

“…Some of the conical papillae in the okapi could be described as lenticular papillae; this term is often used for reduced, very flattened papillae on the lingual torus in ruminants (Plewa & Jackowiak, 2020).…”