Macro and Small over Micro: Macromolecules and Small Molecules that Regulate MicroRNAs

Kang, Soowon; Im, Kyungtaek; Baek, Jihae; Yoon, Sungroh; Min, Hye‐Young

doi:10.1002/cbic.201402007

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…However, because TR is a relatively abundant RNA and its structure and function have been well studied, it is a feasible candidate for this avenue of drug discovery. Although the rational design of small molecules that target a specific RNA sequence is still in its infancy, the longstanding use of drugs that target bacterial rRNA (for example, tetracyclines, macrolides and aminoglycosides) and the recent developments of small-molecule inhibitors of rRNA, viral RNAs, microRNAs and riboswitches attests to the feasibility of targeting specific RNAs such as TR [129][130][131][132][133] .…”

Section: Solution-based Two-dimensional Combinatorial Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

New prospects for targeting telomerase beyond the telomere

2016

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Telomerase activity is responsible for the maintenance of chromosome end structures (telomeres) and cancer cell immortality in most human malignancies, making telomerase an attractive therapeutic target. The rationale for targeting components of the telomerase holoenzyme has been strengthened by accumulating evidence indicating that these molecules have extra-telomeric functions in tumour cell survival and proliferation. This Review discusses current knowledge of the biogenesis, structure and multiple functions of telomerase-associated molecules intertwined with recent advances in drug discovery approaches. We also describe the fertile ground available for the pursuit of next-generation small-molecule inhibitors of telomerase.

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Section: Solution-based Two-dimensional Combinatorial Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

New prospects for targeting telomerase beyond the telomere

2016

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“…As a result, miRNA can orchestrate robust, comprehensive responses by simultaneously affecting a broad network of related genes. The prevalence of miRNA post-transcription regulation is very high, and it is estimated that miRNAs regulate greater than 60% of human protein encoding genes [8]. Specific miRNAs are dysregulated in many pathological settings [1, 9–11], and miRNAs have recently emerged as a new class of disease biomarkers [12–14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MiRNA inhibition in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

Beavers

Nelson

Duvall

2015

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are noncoding RNA that provide an endogenous negative feedback mechanism for translation of messenger RNA (mRNA) into protein. Single miRNAs can regulate hundreds of mRNAs, enabling miRNAs to orchestrate robust biological responses by simultaneously impacting multiple gene networks. MiRNAs can act as master regulators of normal and pathological tissue development, homeostasis, and repair, which has recently motivated expanding efforts toward development of technologies for therapeutically modulating miRNA activity for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications. This review highlights the tools currently available for miRNA inhibition and their recent therapeutic applications for improving tissue repair.

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“…miRNAs are 20–22 nt long and negatively regulate gene expression by binding imperfectly to the 3′ untranslated region (3′-UTR) of target mRNAs leading mainly to degradation of mRNAs, but also directly affect translation . More than 2600 unique mature miRNAs exist in the human genome and 60% of human protein genes are regulated by miRNAs . Many miRNAs are known to be oncogenic and thus are attractive targets for gene silencing therapies and for diagnosis .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 More than 2600 unique mature miRNAs exist in the human genome and 60% of human protein genes are regulated by miRNAs. 8 Many miRNAs are known to be oncogenic and thus are attractive targets for gene silencing therapies and for diagnosis. 9 Indeed, antisense microRNAs (anti-miRs) complexed to nanoparticles were already used to silence a variety of miRNAs.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MagRET Nanoparticles: An Iron Oxide Nanocomposite Platform for Gene Silencing from MicroRNAs to Long Noncoding RNAs

Lellouche¹,

Israel²,

Bechor³

et al. 2015

Bioconjugate Chem.

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Silencing of RNA to knock down genes is currently one of the top priorities in gene therapies for cancer. However, to become practical the obstacle of RNA delivery needs to be solved. In this study, we used innovative maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles, termed magnetic reagent for efficient transfection (MagRET), which are composed of a maghemite core that is surface-doped by lanthanide Ce(3/4+) cations using sonochemistry. Thereafter, a polycationic polyethylenimine (PEI) polymer phase is bound to the maghemite core via coordinative chemistry enabled by the [CeL(n)](3/4+)cations/complex. PEI oxidation was used to mitigate the in vivo toxicity. Using this approach, silencing of 80-100% was observed for mRNAs, microRNAs, and lncRNA in a variety of cancer cells. MagRET NPs are advantageous in hard to transfect leukemias. This versatile nanoscale carrier can silence all known types of RNAs and these MagRET NPs with oxidized PEI are not lethal upon injection, thus holding promise for therapeutic applications, as a theranostic tool.

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Macro and Small over Micro: Macromolecules and Small Molecules that Regulate MicroRNAs

Cited by 7 publications

References 77 publications

New prospects for targeting telomerase beyond the telomere

New prospects for targeting telomerase beyond the telomere

MiRNA inhibition in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

MagRET Nanoparticles: An Iron Oxide Nanocomposite Platform for Gene Silencing from MicroRNAs to Long Noncoding RNAs

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