“…In terms of the terminology adopted to explain the negative emotions, and in particular negative brand relationships, there is no clear consensus in the literature. Some researchers use the term brand hate to capture various negative emotions from simple "distancing" or "devaluation" of the brand to "frustration" and intense "anger" (Kucuk, 2018). Others argue that brand hate can take an active or passive form incorporating, on the one hand, anger, contempt, and disgust and, on the other, fear, disappointment, shame, and dehumanization of the brand (Zarantonello et al, 2016).…”