Macro-Public Relations: Crisis Communication in the Age of Internet

Lin, Zhongxuan; Guo, Yuhan; Chen, Yingying

doi:10.7903/ijcse.1072

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…Chinese translations of 'e-cigarettes' were searched as keywords in a widely used Chinese news database Wisenews 26,27 from 6 March 2004 when the first e-cigarette news article appeared in China to 31 July 2019 when the study began. Wisenews is a full-text news database providing access to more than 600 newspapers, magazines, and websites from China, Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan as well as some regional newspapers from the US, and it is widely accepted as a valid database to examine Chinese media coverage.…”

Section: Data and Coding Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic cigarette related topics with conflicting arguments in Chinese newspapers

Lyu¹,

Huang²,

Ling³

2022

Tob. Induc. Dis.

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INTRODUCTION While debates on e-cigarettes are mainly conducted in scientific fora, media are the most accessible information source for the public, shaping their perceptions of health issues. This study is the first to examine e-cigarette related topics with conflicting arguments presented in Chinese newspapers. METHODS The Chinese terms for 'e-cigarettes' were searched in a widely used Chinese news database Wisenews. Content analysis of the full text of 639 news articles was conducted to identify topics with conflicting arguments and examine whether the dominant argument in each topic changed across four time periods from 2004 to 2019. RESULTS Twelve e-cigarette related topics with conflicting arguments were identified. The most frequently reported topic was health impact of e-cigarettes, followed by impact of secondhand aerosol exposure, smoking cessation, relative health impact of e-cigarettes compared to cigarettes, and e-cigarette policies outside China. At the same time, the price was the least frequently reported topic. Overall, negative arguments outnumbered positive arguments in the study period. The dominant arguments within many topics changed across time periods; however, within the topics of relative health impact of e-cigarettes compared to cigarettes, taste/flavor, and economic prospects of the industry, positive arguments were more frequently reported in almost all periods. Within the topics of addiction, policies in China, and policies outside China, negative arguments were more frequently reported in virtually all periods. CONCLUSIONS Though overall the dominant argument about e-cigarettes and health was 'e-cigarettes are harmful', in the early time periods, e-cigarettes were reported as 'harmless' or even 'healthy'. As China began to regulate e-cigarettes, the reporting on e-cigarettes more frequently included the 'e-cigarettes are harmful' argument. The consistent, more frequent reporting of 'good e-cigarette taste/ flavor' has the potential to attract young people to e-cigarette products. The increased reporting on policies unfavorable to e-cigarettes aligned with the growing number of regulations restricting e-cigarettes.

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Section: Data and Coding Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic cigarette related topics with conflicting arguments in Chinese newspapers

Lyu¹,

Huang²,

Ling³

2022

Tob. Induc. Dis.

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When the relationships fail: A microperspective on consumer responses to service failure

Stacks

2017

Journal of Public Relations Research

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Evolution of media frames about e-cigarettes from 2004 to 2019: a content analysis of newspapers in China

Lyu

Wang

Mao

et al. 2021

Health Education Research

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This study conducted a content analysis of 639 news articles about e-cigarettes in China from 2004–2019 to examine longitudinal changes in media frames and media tones about e-cigarettes in Chinese newspapers. Results indicated that policy frame was the most frequently used frame, followed by human impact frame, information frame, and uncertainty frame. Dividing the time period of 2004–2019 into four phases (i.e., 2004–2006, 2007–2010, 2011–2017 and 2018–2019), the study found that the frequency of the information frame significantly decreased over time, while the policy frame and uncertainty frame significantly increased, with the policy frame being the dominant frame in recent years. In contrast, the use of the economic frame and morality frame fluctuated, both reaching peaks in the phase of 2007–2010 and decreasing in the most recent phase. Overall, the tone of the large majority of news articles was unfavorable, and the turning point occurred in the phase of 2007–2010 when the percentage of news articles with negative tone exceeded those with positive tone for the first time. Framing of e-cigarette news articles in China demonstrated the pivotal role of policy makers in defining the e-cigarette issue, and the influence of the international public health community, as an important and reliable information source, on defining the health risk of e-cigarettes, which has implication for not only e-cigarette control, but tobacco control in China in general.

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Macro-Public Relations: Crisis Communication in the Age of Internet

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Electronic cigarette related topics with conflicting arguments in Chinese newspapers

Electronic cigarette related topics with conflicting arguments in Chinese newspapers

When the relationships fail: A microperspective on consumer responses to service failure

Evolution of media frames about e-cigarettes from 2004 to 2019: a content analysis of newspapers in China

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