Macroalgae Extracts From Antarctica Have Antimicrobial and Anticancer Potential

Martins, Rosiane Mastelari; Nedel, Fernanda; Guimarães, Victoria Burmann da Silva; Silva, Adriana F. da; Colepicolo, Pio; Pereira, Cláudio M. P.; Lund, Rafael Guerra

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.00412

Cited by 60 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Some studies on the effectiveness of extraction methods highlight that methanol extracts exhibit higher anticancer activity. 17,18 This result could be related to the presence of bioactive metabolites that are soluble in A. spicifera are possibly more effectively extracted in methanol solvent compared to ethanol. Treatment of A. spicifera methanolic extract was found significantly toxic in brine shrimps at 12 and 24 hr.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Methanol Solvent Extraction for Red Macroalgae Acanthophora spicifera Antitumoric Activity

Prasedya¹,

Martyasari²,

Hamdin³

et al. 2019

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Introduction: Red macroalgae Acanthophora spicifera is commonly found in most parts of Indonesia coastal areas. However, information regarding their potential pharmaceutical uses remains largely unexplored. This study evaluates the antiproliferative activity of Acanthophora spicifera collected from Indonesian extracted with different solvents of ethanol and methanol. Methods: Cytotoxicity and antiproliferative activity of A. spicifera crude ethanol extract (AS-EtOH) and A. spicifera crude methanol extract (AM-MetOH) were evaluated with Lactate dehidrogenase (LDH) and Trypan blue exclusion assay in Human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells for 72h. Concentration of extracts treated in HeLa cells were 6.25 to 200 µg/mL. Viability staining with fluorescence stain Hoechst33342/PI was conducted to investigate apoptotic activity. Potential apoptotic activity of treatments was confirmed by DNA fragmentation assay. Results: AS-MetOH demonstrated high cytotoxicity in HeLa cells with IC 50 of 127.3 ± 33.13 µg/mL. However, AS-EtOH IC 50 values could not be determined in this study. Antiproliferative activity was highly significant in AS-MetOH treated cells as cell density was suppressed to 20 x 10 4 cells/mL compared to AS-EtOH (73 x 10 4 cells/mL) and untreated cells (83 x 10 4 cells/mL). Finally, apoptotic activity could be determined in AS-MetOH treated cells with increase PI fluorescence emitting cells and DNA fragmentation. On the other hand, apoptotic activity was not observable in AS-EtOH treated cells based on fluorescence viability staining and DNA fragmentation assay. Conclusion: Current results show methanol solvent as an effective solvent to promote potential pharmaceutical properties of macroalgae A. spicifera. Further advanced studies in a compound level from A. spicifera methanol fraction would be reasonable for development of macroalgae based anticancer agent.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Methanol Solvent Extraction for Red Macroalgae Acanthophora spicifera Antitumoric Activity

Prasedya¹,

Martyasari²,

Hamdin³

et al. 2019

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“…Drugs 2019, 17, x 2 of 36 halogenated compounds, sterols, terpenes, and small peptides, among other bioactive compounds [8][9][10][11]. Studies focusing on the preparation of macroalgae extracts and their chemical characterization revealed a large range of seaweed compounds with very interesting biological activities including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antivirus, antihypertensive, fat-lowering, and neuroprotective activities [12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Phlorotanninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding clinical trials, studies with pure algal metabolites are scarce, limited to those carried out with kahalalide F and fucoxanthin. The majority of clinical trials currently aim to ascertain the effect of algae consumption, as extracts or fractions, on obesity and diabetes.Studies focusing on the preparation of macroalgae extracts and their chemical characterization revealed a large range of seaweed compounds with very interesting biological activities including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antivirus, antihypertensive, fat-lowering, and neuroprotective activities [12][13][14][15].The large volume of studies proving the seaweed compound activities in in vitro systems [16][17][18][19] hints the need for further advancements in the knowledge about macroalgae compound efficiency in living systems (in vivo) and their use in the development of pharmaceuticals. In vitro studies are very relevant and yield very important information, but they only represent the first step of a long process, and the results obtained rarely reveal anything about the effects of a compound in vivo, because the responses observed in vitro can be magnified, diminished, or totally different in a more complex and integrated system.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seaweed Secondary Metabolites with Beneficial Health Effects: An Overview of Successes in In Vivo Studies and Clinical Trials

et al. 2019

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Macroalgae are increasingly viewed as a source of secondary metabolites with great potential for the development of new drugs. In this development, in vitro studies are only the first step in a long process, while in vivo studies and clinical trials are the most revealing stages of the true potential and limitations that a given metabolite may have as a new drug. This literature review aims to give a critical overview of the secondary metabolites that reveal the most interesting results in these two steps. Phlorotannins show great pharmaceutical potential in in vivo models and, among the several examples, the anti-dyslipidemia activity of dieckol must be highlighted because it was more effective than lovastatin in an in vivo model. The IRLIIVLMPILMA tridecapeptide that exhibits an in vivo level of activity similar to the hypotensive clinical drug captopril should still be stressed, as well as griffithsin which showed such stunning results over a variety of animal models and which will probably move onto clinical trials soon. Regarding clinical trials, studies with pure algal metabolites are scarce, limited to those carried out with kahalalide F and fucoxanthin. The majority of clinical trials currently aim to ascertain the effect of algae consumption, as extracts or fractions, on obesity and diabetes.Studies focusing on the preparation of macroalgae extracts and their chemical characterization revealed a large range of seaweed compounds with very interesting biological activities including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antivirus, antihypertensive, fat-lowering, and neuroprotective activities [12][13][14][15].The large volume of studies proving the seaweed compound activities in in vitro systems [16][17][18][19] hints the need for further advancements in the knowledge about macroalgae compound efficiency in living systems (in vivo) and their use in the development of pharmaceuticals. In vitro studies are very relevant and yield very important information, but they only represent the first step of a long process, and the results obtained rarely reveal anything about the effects of a compound in vivo, because the responses observed in vitro can be magnified, diminished, or totally different in a more complex and integrated system. In fact, in vivo studies and clinical trials are those which contribute most to truly understanding the real potential of compounds as future pharmaceuticals.In this regard, the present work intends to present insight into the results obtained in the last few years regarding secondary metabolites, such as phlorotannins, halogenated compounds, fucoxanthin, and fucosterol isolated from macroalgae, involved in in vivo studies and clinical trials, identifying the research opportunities and knowledge gaps, to valorize these compounds and their natural resources. The intention is not to present an exhaustive survey of all published works, but rather a selection of authors based on the following criteria: in-depth studies involving pure compounds most characteristic f...

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“…Identification of bioactive compound sources and screening for potential pharmacological activities are important aspects in order to develop novel tools for disease treatment (Santos et al 2015;Martins et al 2018). In this sense, macroalgae are reservoirs for possible bioactive compounds given their ability to biosynthesize secondary metabolites against environmental stress that include limited photoperiod, low temperatures and decreased nutrient availability (Santos et al 2017a;Passos et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research works showed that macroalgae can be sources of terpenes, phenols (Fernandes et al 2017), sterols, proteins (Pereira et al 2017), carbohydrates and lipids that are produced as secondary metabolites (Boulom et al 2014;Berneira et al 2020). The vast number of synthesized compounds can be associated with several biological activities reported in the literature including anti-inflammatory (Tenorio-Rodriguez et al 2017), antimutagenic (Osuna-Ruiz et al 2016), antiviral, antimicrobial (Martins et al 2018) and antioxidant actions (Alves et al 2016). Therefore, the characterization of chemical constituents from macroalgae can be an important tool in order to ascertain novel active substances and biological applications of these organisms (Martins et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactivity evaluation and composition of extracts from sub-Antarctic macroalgae Mazzaella laminarioides at distinct development phases

et al. 2020

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Sub-Antarctic macroalgae can be a feasible source of innumerous bioactive compounds that can display important biological activities. In this sense, the aims of this work were to evaluate the chemical composition, antimicrobial activity and cytotoxic potential of n-hexane extracts from sub-Antarctic seaweed Mazzaella laminarioides (Bory) Fredericq at distinct development phases. Results showed that extracts were constituted of as much as 65 distinct compounds that could be distributed mainly among hydrocarbons, fatty acids, sterols and fatty alcohols. Generally, there were significant differences (P < 0.05) in the concentrations of compounds comparing distinct development phases. Antimicrobial evaluation indicated that n-hexane extracts of cystocarpic and tetrasporophytic phase of M. laminarioides inhibited the growth of most organisms tested, reaching minimum inhibitory concentrations of 0.0312 mg mL −1 against Enterococcus faecalis (Andrewes and Horder) and 0.25 mg mL −1 against Acinetobacter baumannii (Bouvet and Grimont). Cytotoxic evaluation of extracts showed no toxicity to normal cells at concentrations below 1 mg mL −1. Therefore, M. laminarioides from the sub-Antarctic region had antimicrobial potential that could be explored on further commercial applications.

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Macroalgae Extracts From Antarctica Have Antimicrobial and Anticancer Potential

Cited by 60 publications

References 28 publications

Effectiveness of Methanol Solvent Extraction for Red Macroalgae Acanthophora spicifera Antitumoric Activity

Effectiveness of Methanol Solvent Extraction for Red Macroalgae Acanthophora spicifera Antitumoric Activity

Seaweed Secondary Metabolites with Beneficial Health Effects: An Overview of Successes in In Vivo Studies and Clinical Trials

Bioactivity evaluation and composition of extracts from sub-Antarctic macroalgae Mazzaella laminarioides at distinct development phases

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