Macrocyclic trichothecenes from brazilian <i>Baccharis</i> species: From microanalysis to large‐scale isolation

Jarvis, Bruce B.

doi:10.1002/pca.2800030602

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…A few extracts (from 2-3g material) were further extracted and puriϐied by redissolving the extract in dichloromethane and subsequently passing the extract through a polyethylene imine silica column (Jarvis 1992, Jarvis et al 1996. The column was eluted with dichloromethane (fraction 1) and methanol (fraction 2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reference standards of trichodermin, roridins E, -H, and L-2, verrucarins J, -A and -H, satratoxins G, -H, and iso-F, trichoverrols A and B, as well as trichoverrins A and B were all co-analyzed with the samples. Extracted ion chromatograms were constructed for all trichothecenes known from Baccharis and Myrothecium species as noted in Antibase2010 (Nielsen et al 2011), as well as for baccharinoids, miophytocens, miotoxins and trichothecenes (Jarvis et al 1988, 1991, 1996, Jarvis 1992 including several glucose conjugated trichothecenes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental poisoning by Baccharis megapotamica var. weirii in buffalo

et al. 2012

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Pesq. Vet. Bras. 32(5):383-390, maio 2012 383 RESUMO.-[Intoxicação experimental por Baccharis megapotamica var. weirii em búfalos.] As partes aéreas verdes de Baccharis megapotamica var. weirii foram administradas oralmente a cinco búfalos da raça Murrah de 6-8 meses de idade nas doses de 1, 3, 4, 5 e 10g/kg de peso corporal (pc) (~1-10mg de tricotecenos macrocíclicos/kg/ pc). A planta usada no experimento foi colhida numa fazenda onde um surto recente de intoxicação espontânea por essa planta havia ocorrido. Nos búfalos deste experimento, os sinais clínicos apareceram 4-20 horas e 4 búfalos morreram 18-49 horas após a ingestão da planta. Os sinais clíni-cos consistiram de apatia, anorexia, diarreia aquosa, febre, cólica, salivação, tremores musculares, inquietação, respiração laboriosa, atonia ruminal e desidratação. Five male 6-8 month-old Murrah buffalo calves were orally dosed with the fresh aerial parts of Baccharis megapotamica var. weirii at doses of 1, 3, 4, 5 and 10g/kg body weight (bw) (~1-10mg macrocyclic trichothecenes/kg/bw). The B. megapotamica used for the experiment was harvested on a farm where a recent spontaneous outbreak of poisoning caused by such plant had occurred. Clinical signs appeared 4-20 hours and 4 buffaloes died 18-49 hours after the ingestion of the plant. Clinical signs were apathy, anorexia, and watery diarrhea, fever, colic, drooling, muscle tremors, restlessness, laborious breathing and ruminal atony, and dehydration. The most consistent gross ϐindings were restricted to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract consisted of varying degrees of edema and reddening of the mucosa of the forestomach. Histopathological ϐindings consisted of varying degrees of necrosis of the epithelial lining of the forestomach and of lymphocytes within lymphoid organs and aggregates. Fibrin thrombi were consistently found in sub-mucosal vessels of the forestomach and in the lumen of hepatic sinusoids. It is suggested that dehydration, septicemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation participate in the pathogenesis of the intoxication and play a role as a cause of death. A subsample of B. megapotamica var. weirii was frozen-dried and ground and analyzed using UHPLC (Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography) with high resolution Time of Flight mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry, it was shown that the plant material contained at least 51 different macrocyclic trichothecenes at a total level of 1.1-1.2mg/g. About 15-20% of the total trichothecenes contents was found to be monosaccharide conjugates, with two thirds of these being glucose conjugates and one third constituted by six aldopentose conjugates (probably xylose), which has never been reported in the literature.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental poisoning by Baccharis megapotamica var. weirii in buffalo

et al. 2012

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“…They are synthesized by a wide variety of fungal genera including Fusarium, Myrothecium, Stachybotrys, Cephalosporium, Trichoderma, and Trichothecium, as well as two plant species (Sharma and Kim, 1991;Jarvis, 1992). Trichothecenes have gained particular notoriety as a family of materials highly toxic to both plants (phytotoxic) and animals (mycotoxic) .…”

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confidence: 99%

A Genetic and Biochemical Approach to Study Trichothecene Diversity in Fusarium sporotrichioides and Fusarium graminearum

Brown

McCormick

Alexander

et al. 2001

Fungal Genetics and Biology

167

130

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“…These toxins are an important agricultural problem due to their detrimental effects on both human and animal health (Ueno, 1980). Production of trichothecenes is known to occur in diverse fungi and possibly two plant species (Jarvis, 1992); however, Fusarium species appear to be the sole source of these toxins in agricultural products. Evidence implicating trichothecenes as virulence factors in plant disease has recently been reported (Proctor et al, 1995a).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%