Macrolides for the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis: An effective application of their unique pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile (Review)

Abstract

Abstract. Chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP) is a persistent infection of the prostate characterized by poor quality of life mainly due to frequent relapse episodes caused by incomplete eradication of causative pathogens. Aggressive antibacterial therapy is required to attenuate the severe symptoms of CBP and to achieve a permanent cure. Although fluoroquinolones are currently recommended as first-choice agents, macrolide antibiotics are emerging as a noteworthy option for the treatment of CBP. Macrolide antibiotics are characteri zed by an impressive array of distinct pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) properties. These properties include high intracellular accumulation in phagocytes and at sites of infection, including the prostate; broad antibiotic but also biofilm-inhibiting properties; immunomodulating and inflammation-resolving activities. These features offer particular advantages for the treatment of chronic infections of the prostate gland, which are not easily amenable to drug therapy. Macrolides may be exploited to counteract the unsatisfactory rates of clinical symptom improvement and pathogen eradication. The results of a number of clinical trials support this proposal.

Relapses and Recurrent Chronic Bacteric Prostatitis - Biofilm Related, A Case Report

“…But also in this cases relapses. To adeguately observe this case we think is interesting observe what reported in literature [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]:…”

The Immunitary Role in Cronic Prostatitis and Growth Factors as Promoter of BHP

“…Macrolides may be exploited to counteract the unsatisfactory rates of clinical symptom improvement and pathogen eradication. The results of a number of clinical trials support this proposal [12].…”

Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic integration and modeling of acetylkitasamycin in swine for Clostridium perfringens

“…These concentrations in intestinal were much higher than those measured in plasma of pigs. These data confirm findings in previous publications stating that peripheral tissue concentrations of macrolides are consistently higher than serum (Williams & Sefton, ; Perletti et al., ). These important features offer particular advantages for the treatment of C. perfringens infections.…”