Macromolecule oxidation and DNA repair in mussel (Mytilus edulis L.) gill following exposure to Cd and Cr(VI)

Emmanouil, Christina; Sheehan, T. M. T.; Chipman, J.K.

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.01.009

Cited by 72 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Ten mussels were divided into two groups of five organisms and placed into 500 ml glass beakers containing filtered seawater spiked with 40 lM CdCl 2 , an established genotoxicant [Kilemade et al, 2004;Emmanouil et al, 2007]. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups allowing the data to be pooled.…”

Section: Positive Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maintenance of bivalve hemocytes for the purpose of delayed DNA strand break assessment using the comet assay

Hartl¹,

Grigson²,

Sinet³

2009

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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The lack of appropriate methods for storing intact and viable cells for the purpose of delayed DNA strand break analysis has hitherto limited the application of the Comet assay to in vitro or in vivo laboratory studies and restricted ecologically more relevant field-collected samples to sites in proximity to suitable laboratory facilities. In the present article, osmotically corrected cell culture media Hanks Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) and Leibovitz Media (L-15) were assessed for their suitability as temporary storage media of blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) hemocytes. It was found that hemocytes maintained in either HBSS or L-15 could be stored for at least 7 days at 4 degrees C without any significant deterioration in cell viability (Trypan blue) or increase in DNA strand breaks, expressed as % tail DNA. This approach allows the acquisition and examination of samples from organisms exposed in situ at previously unsuitable remote sites, thereby greatly increasing the potential ecological relevance of Comet assay-derived genotoxicity data.

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Section: Positive Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maintenance of bivalve hemocytes for the purpose of delayed DNA strand break assessment using the comet assay

Hartl¹,

Grigson²,

Sinet³

2009

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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“…Bivalve DNA is subjected to a considerable amount of oxidative damage [de Almeida et al, 2003;Emmanouil et al, 2007]. Induction of oxidative DNA damage has been shown in mussels exposed to environmental stressors such as benzo [a]pyrene and ferric iron in the laboratory or to environmental contamination in situ [Mitchelmore et al, 1998;Charissou et al, 2004;Lemiere et al, 2005].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of DNA damage in the freshwater mussel Unio pictorum upon exposure to ethyl methanesulphonate and hydrogen peroxide

Štambuk

Pavlica

Malović

et al. 2008

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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An important endpoint in assessing pollution-related toxicity is genotoxicity. To obtain insight into the time-course of oxidative- and alkylation-induced DNA damage in the freshwater mussel, Unio pictorum, mussels were exposed for 24 hr to concentration gradients of pro-oxidant hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and a mono-functional alkylating agent, ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). DNA damage was assessed in haemocytes immediately upon exposure and over the recovery period of up to 72 days by means of comet and micronucleus assays. Following exposure to H(2)O(2), DNA damage as detected by the comet assay returned to control values after one day, except for the mussels exposed to the highest dose when damage was detectable for the next 3 days. In contrast, alkylation-induced DNA damage was detectable even after 72 days of recovery in de-chlorinated water, with a dose-response relationship observable throughout the whole recovery period. Micronucleus frequency was the highest on Day 3 after exposure to EMS; it decreased considerably by Day 7 and returned almost to the control levels 19 days after exposure, while no significant induction of micronuclei was observed in mussels exposed to H(2)O(2). Although the comet assay is considered a biomarker of recent genotoxic exposure, detecting DNA damage of shorter longevity than with the micronucleus assay, results presented here show that in the case of alkylation damage the comet assay reveals genotoxic exposure of U. pictorum in a dose-dependent manner even after 2 months.

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“…Many papers describe its toxic effect on DNA and the damage to and inhibition of relative repair mechanisms (Emmanouil et al, 2007;Joseph, 2009;Pruski and Dixon, 2002), and the general reduction of protein synthesis coupled with an increase in stress proteins (Qian et al, 2012;Said Ali et al, 2010). Cadmium, whose effects in sublethal concentrations on fish metabolism are well known, has been shown to alter the structure and to cause morpho-pathological changes of varying severity in various organs (Atif et al, 2005;Thophon et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro effect of cadmium and copper on separated blood leukocytes of Dicentrarchus labrax

Vazzana¹,

Celi²,

Tramati³

et al. 2014

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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a b s t r a c tThe immunotoxic effects of heavy metals on blood leukocytes of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were examined. The cells, separated by a discontinuous Percoll-gradients, were exposed in vitro to various sublethal concentrations of cadmium and copper (10 À 7 M, 10 À 5 M, and 10 À 3 M) and their immunotoxic effect was then evaluated by measuring neutral red uptake, MTT assay, DNA fragmentation and Hsp70 gene expression. First of all, we demonstrated that the cells treated in vitro could incorporate Cd and Cu. A relationship between heavy metal exposure and dose-time-dependent alterations in responses of leukocytes from blood was found for both metals, but copper was more immunotoxic than cadmium in all assays performed. A significant reduction in the cells' ability to uptake neutral red and viability by MTT assay was recorded, indicating that both cadmium and copper could change the membrane permeability, inducing cellular apoptosis when the concentration of metals reached 10 À 3 M. The apoptotic effect may also explain the high level of cytotoxicity found when the leukocytes were exposed to higher concentration of metals. These results demonstrated that toxic effect of copper and cadmium affect on the mechanisms of cellmediated immunity reducing the immune defences of the organism.

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Macromolecule oxidation and DNA repair in mussel (Mytilus edulis L.) gill following exposure to Cd and Cr(VI)

Cited by 72 publications

References 58 publications

Maintenance of bivalve hemocytes for the purpose of delayed DNA strand break assessment using the comet assay

Maintenance of bivalve hemocytes for the purpose of delayed DNA strand break assessment using the comet assay

Persistence of DNA damage in the freshwater mussel Unio pictorum upon exposure to ethyl methanesulphonate and hydrogen peroxide

In vitro effect of cadmium and copper on separated blood leukocytes of Dicentrarchus labrax

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