Macroparasite Burden of Obligate and Facultative Symbionts in Symbiotic Communities of Scleractinian Corals

Mikheev, V. N.; Zhokhov, A. E.; Britaev, T. A.

doi:10.1134/s2079086420050059

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…This similarity, together with ample evidence that such planktivorous fishes are generalist feeders (Hobson, 1991;Noda et al, 1992; A. Genin unpublished data), suggest that feeding biology is not the principal contributor to the separation of their niches. Other factors such as waves, biomechanical constraints imposed by rapid currents and waves (Fulton et al, 2005;Finelli et al, 2009), different types of shelters the fishes use, and their own exposure to predation (e.g., Hixon, 1991;Hixon and Beets, 1993;Holbrook and Schmitt, 2002) and parasites (e.g., Mikheeva et al, 2020) may have a greater role in determining the habitats the species occupy. For example, Dm is an obligatory resident of live branching corals (Fricke, 1980;Goldshmid et al, 2004), rendering their group sizes limited by the size of the home coral.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of flow speed and prey density on the rate and efficiency of prey capture in zooplanktivorous coral-reef fishes

Genin,

Rickel,

Zarubin

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Holling’s classical functional response model describes the mechanistic foundations of the relationships between predation rate and prey density. As such, the model is pertinent to predators that actively search for prey, but not to stationary predators in which additional factors, such as flow speed, determine the rates of prey encounter. The main objective of this study was to measure the rates and corresponding efficiencies of zooplanktivory among different common species of coral-reef fishes under a wide range of prey densities and current speeds. All our experiments were carried out in a flume with different combinations of flow speeds (3-28.5 cm/s) and prey densities (210 - 1050 prey m-3). Nauplii of Artemia salina were used as prey. Despite major differences in the taxonomic origin of the studied species, their morphologies, and the types of shelters they use, the foraging performances of the fish, their predation rates, and the way those rates were affected by prey density and flow speed were surprisingly similar. Under a fixed prey density, capture rates did not change much as function of flow speed. Under conditions of equal prey flux, predation rates were always higher under conditions of high density and weaker flow than under lower density and faster flow. A sharp decline in capture efficiency with increasing flow speed was explained by a corresponding narrowing of the fish’s body orientation relative to the flow. In other words, with increasing flow speed, the fish gradually became more-narrowly oriented head-on onto the flow, exhibiting a decrease in the frequency of body turns (“maneuverability”). These trends, especially the reduced maneuverability under strong currents, can explain our findings that predation rates did not increase when the flow, hence prey flux, increased. Inter-specific differences in predation rates and efficiencies, however small, agree well with observed differences in the type of habitats the different species occupy.

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