Macrophage derived growth factors m odulate Fas ligand expression in cultured endometrial stromal cells: a role in endometriosis

García-Velasco, Juan A.; Arıcı, Aydın; Zreik, Tony G.; Naftolin, Frederick; Mor, Gil

doi:10.1093/molehr/5.7.642

Cited by 102 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Details of the characterization for the RT-PCR were described previously (26,27). In short, reverse transcription was performed using the RT-PCR kit from Pharmacia BioTech (Piscataway, New Jersey, USA) according to the manufacturer's directions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Roles of Fas and Fas ligand during mammary gland remodeling

Song¹,

Sapi²,

Brown³

et al. 2000

J. Clin. Invest.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mammary involution is associated with degeneration of the alveolar structure and programmed cell death of mammary epithelial cells. In this study, we evaluated the expression of Fas and Fas ligand (FasL) in the mammary gland tissue and their possible role in the induction of apoptosis of mammary cells. FasL-positive cells were observed in normal mammary epithelium from pregnant and lactating mice, but not in nonpregnant/virgin mouse mammary tissue. Fas expression was observed in epithelial and stromal cells in nonpregnant mice but was absent during pregnancy. At day 1 after weaning, high levels of both Fas and FasL proteins and caspase 3 were observed and coincided with the appearance of apoptotic cells in ducts and glands. During the same period, no apoptotic cells were found in the Fas-deficient (MRL/lpr) and FasL-deficient (C3H/gld) mice. Increase in Fas and FasL protein was demonstrated in human (MCF10A) and mouse (HC-11) mammary epithelial cells after incubation in hormone-deprived media, before apoptosis was detected. These results suggest that the Fas-FasL interaction plays an important role in the normal remodeling of mammary tissue. Furthermore, this autocrine induction of apoptosis may prevent accumulation of cells with mutations and subsequent neoplastic development. Failure of the Fas/FasL signal could contribute to tumor development.J. Clin. Invest. 106:1209-1220.Terminal differentiation of the mammary gland normally takes place only during pregnancy and lactation when there is a cycle of lobulo-alveolar and ductal division followed by a period of lactation, after which cells of the secretory mammary epithelium and ducts become committed to apoptotic cell death. Gestational and lactogenic hormones regulate this pathway of differentiation. Changes in the hormonal environment at the end of lactation trigger the apoptotic signal required for "breast remodeling" (22, 23) perhaps also through the Fas-FasL system.To test the role of the Fas/FasL system in breast remodeling we studied the expression of Fas and FasL in the mammary tissue of normal BALB/c, MRL, C3H, as well as in Fas-deficient (MRL/lpr) and FasL-deficient (C3H/gld) mice through the different stages of their lactogenic differentiation. We also evaluated the presence of apoptosis during involution in wild-type MRL and C3H mice and compared it with the natural knockout MRL/lpr and C3H/gld mice. To confirm our in vivo data we also studied caspase activation and apoptosis in normal human and mouse mammary epithelial cells. In this report we describe how Fas and FasL expression is altered during pregnancy, lactation, and postlactational period, and show how these changes are hormonally regulated. We also demonstrated the role of the Fas/FasL system as a mediator of apoptosis of mammary epithelial cells during the first stage of mammary gland involution. MethodsCells and culture condition. Cells were cultured in DMEM/F-12 media containing antibiotics and antimycotics (1% vol/vol) and proper serum at 37°C in a humidified chamber (5% CO 2 in air). C...

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The linearity of the system was determined using serial dilution of cDNA, and the regulation of dilution factor on amplified cDNA was linear (y = 2 881.125x -785.75) and the correlation coefficient was r = 0.994, as described previously (26,27).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Fas and Fas ligand during mammary gland remodeling

Song¹,

Sapi²,

Brown³

et al. 2000

J. Clin. Invest.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Details of the characterization for the RT-PCR have been described previously (31,32). Briefly, reverse transcription was performed using the RT-PCR kit from Amersham Pharmacia Biotech (Piscataway, NJ) according to the manufacturer's directions.…”

Section: Rt-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Fas and FasL signals were measured by a densitometer and standardized against the ␤-actin signal using a digital imaging and analysis system (AlphaEase; Alpha Innotech, San Leandro, CA). The linearity of the system was determined using serial dilution of cDNA, and the regulation of dilution factor on amplified cDNA was linear (y ϭ 2881.125x Ϫ 785.75) and the correlation coefficient was r ϭ 0.994 (31).…”

Section: Rt-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of the Estrogen Receptors with the Fas Ligand Promoter in Human Monocytes

Mor

Sapi

Abrahams

et al. 2003

The Journal of Immunology

167

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The predominance of autoimmune diseases among women suggests that estrogen may modulate immune function. Monocytes and macrophages are important in initiating, maintaining, and resolving inflammatory responses through cell-signaling molecules, which control immune cell survival. One important mechanism of cell survival is mediated by the Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) system. In this study, the link between estrogen, monocytes/macrophages, and the Fas/FasL system was investigated. Estrogen treatment increased FasL expression in monocytes through the binding of the estrogen receptors (ER) to the estrogen recognizing elements and AP-1 motifs present at the FasL promoter. Furthermore, estrogen induced apoptosis in monocytes expressing ERβ, but not in monocyte-differentiated macrophages expressing ERα. The expression of either ERα or ERβ and their response to estrogen in monocytes was found to be dependent on the their stage of cell differentiation. Previously, we have shown that estrogen replacement therapy in postmenopausal women decreased the number of circulating monocytes. In this study, we have characterized the molecular mechanism by which estrogen regulates monocytes homeostasis. These findings indicate that estrogen may regulate immune cell survival through the Fas/FasL system. There is biological relevance to these findings in view of studies showing that accumulation of activated monocytes is involved in the pathogenesis of conditions such as vasculititis, arteriosclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis.

show abstract

“…These abnormalities may influence the apoptosis of endometrial cells through the mechanisms as follows. First of all, FasL is expressed on human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle [9][10][11] , and its proteins are primarily retained within the cell's Golgi apparatus and cytoplasmic vesicles during the late proliferative phase. When secretory phase comes, they are extruded as part of the cellular membranes, where Fas can bind FasL turning on apoptotic signals [11,12] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%