Macrophage-Inspired Degradation-Activation System Enables Ultrasensitive Multicolor Detection of Haloacetic Acids via Janus Perovskite Halide Exchange

Abstract

Haloacetic acids (HAAs), as representative disinfection byproducts, have the potential hazards of teratogenesis, carcinogenesis, and mutagenesis. Herein, inspired by the scavenging physiology of macrophages and taking advantage of the unique properties of perovskites, we design a biomimetic integrated three-step workflow, named the macrophage-inspired degradation-activation system (MIDAS), for the detection of HAAs in aqueous samples. First, HAAs are “devoured” by methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) from a sample. Then, ultraviolet C is utilized to induce the photolysis of MTBE and the dehalogenation of HAAs. Third, the photoinduced product, tertiary butyl haloalkane, can activate the vacancy defect-facilitated halide exchange of perovskites, generating multicolor fluorescent signals. The MIDAS realizes the rapid (<5 min), ultrasensitive (limit of detection: 30 and 15 ppb), and accurate (recovery: 95.2–109.4%) quantification of dichloroacetic acid and dibromoacetic acid in real water samples. Furthermore, a chemometrics-supported MIDAS portable platform is established for the visual semi-quantification of HAAs and the discrimination of binary mixed HAAs on site. The MIDAS-based strategy provides a highly efficient approach to trigger the perovskite halide exchange and shows the Midas touch-like ability in the fluorescent assay of HAAs in aqueous samples. To our knowledge, this is the first universal multicolor fluorimetry and the first application of perovskites for HAA detection.

Perovskite Nanocrystals: Superior Luminogens for Food Quality Detection Analysis

“…The proposed fluorescent biosensor achieved high sensitivities of 30 and 15 ppb for dichloroacetic acid and dibromoacetic acid, respectively (Figure 4B). 62 In conclusion, the rapid and multiple fluorescent responses of perovskite nanocrystals with analytes extremely facilitate the exploration for rapid detection technologies of some common hazards in food products, which is expected to design highperformance diagnostic tools for food practices through perovskite nanocrystals.…”

“…For example, Wei et al reported a macrophage-inspired degradation-activation system to determine haloacetic acids in aqueous medium based on halide exchanging reactions between the generated halogen atom and perovskite nanocrystals. The proposed fluorescent biosensor achieved high sensitivities of 30 and 15 ppb for dichloroacetic acid and dibromoacetic acid, respectively (Figure B) …”

“…(B) Schematic illustration of a fluorescent wavelength-shift biosensor for dichloroacetic acid and dibromoacetic acid based on halide-exchanging reactions. Reproduced with permission from ref . Copyright 2023 American Chemical Society.…”

Efficient Fabrication of Janus Particles with Active Groups and Application in Emulsion Stabilization and Interfacial Catalysis

“…The Janus material has garnered significant attention. Due to its unique surface chemical composition and intricate geometric structure, it possesses diverse functionalities and exhibits remarkable adaptability in complex and dynamic application environments, rendering it extensively utilized in analytical chemistry, , medical immunology, , microelectronics technology, , and other related fields. − In the course of continuous exploration, researchers have developed various methods for the preparation of Janus particles. These methods include interface protection techniques, , emulsion polymerization approaches, , microfluidic strategies, , self-assembly methodologies, , phase separation methodologies, , and other avenues, , among which emulsion polymerization is one of the commonly used methods.…”