Macrophage polarization following chitosan implantation

Vasconcelos, Daniela P.; Fonseca, Ana; Costa, María Teresa; Amaral, Isabel F.; Barbosa, Mário A.; Águas, Artur P.; Barbosa, Judite N.

doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.09.012

Cited by 123 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…[3][4][5] Alginate hydrogels, for example, are biodegradable and can be processed under relatively mild conditions, which make them ideal candidates for cell entrapment and delivery. 6,7 Among the naturally derived polymers, pectin, a complex structural polysaccharide present in the cell walls of higher plants, has been long used in the food industry as a gelling and thickening agent.…”

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confidence: 99%

Biofunctionalized pectin hydrogels as 3D cellular microenvironments

et al. 2015

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In situ-forming hydrogels of pectin, a polysaccharide present in the cell wall of higher plants, were prepared using an internal ionotropic gelation strategy based on calcium carbonate/D-glucono-d-lactone, and explored for the first time as cell delivery vehicles. Since no ultrapure pectins are commercially available yet, a simple and efficient purification method was established, effectively reducing the levels of proteins, polyphenols and endotoxins of the raw pectin. The purified pectin was then functionalized by carbodiimide chemistry with a cell-adhesive peptide (RGD). Its gelation was analyzed by rheometry and optimized. Human mesenchymal stem cells embedded within unmodified and RGD-pectin hydrogels of different viscoelasticities (1.5 and 2.5 wt%) remained viable and metabolically active for up to 14 days. On unmodified pectin hydrogels, cells remained isolated and round-shaped. In contrast, within RGD-pectin hydrogels they elongated, spread, established cell-to-cell contacts, produced extracellular matrix, and migrated outwards the hydrogels. After 7 days of subcutaneous implantation in mice, acellular pectin hydrogels were considerably degraded, particularly the 1.5 wt% hydrogels. Altogether, these findings show the great potential of pectin-based hydrogels, which combine an interesting set of easily tunable properties, including the in vivo degradation profile, for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

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confidence: 99%

Biofunctionalized pectin hydrogels as 3D cellular microenvironments

et al. 2015

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“…For instance, our group has shown that chitosan (Ch) polarize monocytes into macrophages with M2c-like phenotype [9]. We have also found that Ch with low degree of acetylation (DA) is more prone to induce an M2 anti-inflammatory macrophage response, while Ch with higher DA promotes an M1 pro-inflammatory macrophage response [8]. Other strategies, as protein adsorption to biomaterials can also modify macrophage response, not only in terms of inflammatory cytokines, but also through the release of important growth-factors with impact in tissue regeneration [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Materials properties per se, such as surface chemistry or scaffolds geometry, are known to influence macrophage response [7,8]. For instance, our group has shown that chitosan (Ch) polarize monocytes into macrophages with M2c-like phenotype [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrophage response to chitosan/poly-(γ-glutamic acid) nanoparticles carrying an anti-inflammatory drug

Gonçalves

Pereira

et al. 2015

J Mater Sci: Mater Med

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The inflammatory response to biomaterials, traditionally viewed as detrimental, is nowadays considered essential for tissue repair/regeneration, being macrophages recognized as the key players in resolving inflammation. Here, the preparation of chitosan (Ch)/poly-(γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) nanoparticles (NPs) as vehicle for a non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac (Df), is described and the response of primary human macrophages to this system is evaluated. Df was incorporated in Ch/γ-PGA NPs at controlled pH (5.0) (maximum 0.05 mg/ml). The components molar ratio and order of addition revealed to be critical to obtain NPs (315 ± 50 nm with 0.36 ± 0.06 polydispersion index). Df was released at physiological pH and this drug-delivery system was proved to be non toxic to macrophages, being rapidly internalized (95 %). Importantly, efficacy of Df-NPs was confirmed by their ability of inhibit/revert PGE2 production of activated macrophages. Therefore, Df-NPs could contribute to stifle local inflammatory reactions, namely those associated with biomaterials.

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“…Following acetylation, a DA of 15.71 ± 0.52, weight-average molecular weight (M w ) of 8.3 ± 0.9 Â 10 5 and polydispersity index (PDI) of 1.3 ± 0.1, were found, as determined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography, respectively [9]. Chitosan with DA 15% revealed endotoxin levels below 0.1 EU/mL, respecting the respecting the FDA guidance documents for implantable devices, as determined using the Limulus Amebocyte Lysate test (QCL-1000 ® test, Cambrex) in Ch water extracts [10].…”

Section: Chitosan (Ch) Purification and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…that the balance between M1 and M2 phenotypes can be shifted in a programmed manner for a specific biomaterial. We have concluded that Ch scaffolds with a degree of acetylation (DA) 15% caused a macrophage M1 pro-inflammatory response [10]. The objective of the present study was to tip the balance towards an M2 phenotype using the same biomaterial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%