Macrophage-secreted myogenic factors: a promising tool for greatly enhancing the proliferative capacity of myoblasts in vitro and in vivo

Cantini, Marcello; Giurisato, Emanuele; Radu, Claudia; Tiozzo, Stefano; Pampinella, Francesca; Senigaglia, D.; Zaniolo, Giovanna; Mazzoleni, Francesco; Vitiello, Libero

doi:10.1007/s100720200060

Cited by 113 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In support of this, the invasion of macrophages into injured tissue coincides with tissue repair (Hopkinson-Wolley et al, 1994;St Pierre and Tibdall, 1994) where these cells phagocytose tissue debris. Moreover, macrophages induce apoptosis in neutrophils that may attenuate muscle damage (Meszaros et al, 2000), as well as secrete, and respond to, factors that promote tissue repair (Merly et al, 1999;Cantini et al, 2002). We found a similar number of infiltrated macrophages in BaCl 2 -damaged TAs from wild-type and Cx43-deficient mice, suggesting that the reduced myogenic response observed in Cx43 -deficient mice was not due to a reduced number of macrophages/monocytes.…”

Section: Cre-er(t)/flmentioning

confidence: 58%

Expression of connexins during differentiation and regeneration of skeletal muscle: functional relevance of connexin43

Araya

Eckardt

Maxeiner

et al. 2005

Journal of Cell Science

100

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The molecular mechanisms regulating skeletal muscle regeneration and differentiation are not well understood. We analyzed the expression of connexins (Cxs) 40, 43 and 45 in normal and regenerating tibialis anterior muscle and in primary cultures of differentiating myoblasts in adult and newborn mice, respectively. Cxs 45 and 43, but not 40, were strongly expressed in normal muscle and their expression was upregulated during regeneration. Furthermore, the functional role of Cx43 during differentiation and regeneration was examined after induced deletion of Cx43 in transgenic mice. In vivo, the inducible deletion of Cx43 delayed the formation of myofibers and prolonged the expression of myogenin during regeneration. In primary cultures of satellite cell-derived myoblasts, induced deletion of Cx43 led to decreased expression of myogenin and MyoD, dye coupling, creatine kinase activity and myoblast fusion. Thus, the expression of Cx45 and Cx43 is upregulated during skeletal muscle regeneration and Cx43 is required for normal myogenesis in vitro and adult muscle regeneration in vivo.

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Section: Cre-er(t)/flmentioning

confidence: 58%

Expression of connexins during differentiation and regeneration of skeletal muscle: functional relevance of connexin43

Araya

Eckardt

Maxeiner

et al. 2005

Journal of Cell Science

100

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“…Factors released by cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage can promote satellite cell proliferation in vitro (12,62). Furthermore, conditioned media from J774 macrophage cultures increased MyoD expression in myoblasts but also increased myogenin expression when applied to cultured muscle cells later in differentiation (13), indicating that macrophages could promote both proliferation and differentiation of muscle cells. However, other studies show differing results.…”

Section: Changes In Myeloid Cell Phenotype In Muscle Following Injurymentioning

confidence: 96%

Regulatory interactions between muscle and the immune system during muscle regeneration

Tidball

Villalta

2010

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

905

987

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Tidball JG, Villalta SA. Regulatory interactions between muscle and the immune system during muscle regeneration. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 298: R1173-R1187, 2010. First published March 10, 2010 doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00735.2009.-Recent discoveries reveal complex interactions between skeletal muscle and the immune system that regulate muscle regeneration. In this review, we evaluate evidence that indicates that the response of myeloid cells to muscle injury promotes muscle regeneration and growth. Acute perturbations of muscle activate a sequence of interactions between muscle and inflammatory cells. The initial inflammatory response is a characteristic Th1 inflammatory response, first dominated by neutrophils and subsequently by CD68 ϩ M1 macrophages. M1 macrophages can propagate the Th1 response by releasing proinflammatory cytokines and cause further tissue damage through the release of nitric oxide. Myeloid cells in the early Th1 response stimulate the proliferative phase of myogenesis through mechanisms mediated by TNF-␣ and IL-6; experimental prolongation of their presence is associated with delayed transition to the early differentiation stage of myogenesis. Subsequent invasion by CD163ϩ /CD206 ϩ M2 macrophages attenuates M1 populations through the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-10. M2 macrophages play a major role in promoting growth and regeneration; their absence greatly slows muscle growth following injury or modified use and inhibits muscle differentiation and regeneration. Chronic muscle injury leads to profiles of macrophage invasion and function that differ from acute injuries. For example, mdx muscular dystrophy yields invasion of muscle by M1 macrophages, but their early invasion is accompanied by a subpopulation of M2a macrophages. M2a macrophages are IL-4 receptor ϩ /CD206 ϩ cells that reduce cytotoxicity of M1 macrophages. Subsequent invasion of dystrophic muscle by M2c macrophages is associated with progression of the regenerative phase in pathophysiology. Together, these findings show that transitions in macrophage phenotype are an essential component of muscle regeneration in vivo following acute or chronic muscle damage. skeletal muscle; macrophage; neutrophil; muscular dystrophy; chemokines SKELETAL MUSCLE HAS A REMARKABLE capacity for repair, even following severe damage. Experimental findings show that crushing muscle, killing muscle by the injection of toxins, mechanical destruction caused by large, lengthening stretches, or killing muscle fibers by freezing can be followed by the successful regeneration of muscle that leads to recovery of normal structure and function. The regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle relies largely on the presence of a population of mononucleated, myogenic cells, called satellite cells, that retain their ability to proliferate and then differentiate to either fuse with existing fibers or with other myogenic cells to generate new fibers. Thus, perturbations to the processes that normally regulate the activation, proliferat...

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“…These macrophages secrete antiinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10, and persist in damaged muscle until the termination of inflammation. Notably, the CD68 Ϫ /CD163 ϩ macrophages also reportedly facilitate the proliferation and differentiation of satellite cells (80,81,303,341,503).…”

Section: /Cd163mentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite Cells and the Muscle Stem Cell Niche

Yin

Price

Rudnicki

2013

Physiological Reviews

1,759

1,808

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LYin H, Price F, Rudnicki MA. Satellite Cells and the Muscle Stem Cell Niche. Physiol Rev 93: 23-67, 2013; doi:10.1152/physrev.00043.2011.-Adult skeletal muscle in mammals is a stable tissue under normal circumstances but has remarkable ability to repair after injury. Skeletal muscle regeneration is a highly orchestrated process involving the activation of various cellular and molecular responses. As skeletal muscle stem cells, satellite cells play an indispensible role in this process. The self-renewing proliferation of satellite cells not only maintains the stem cell population but also provides numerous myogenic cells, which proliferate, differentiate, fuse, and lead to new myofiber formation and reconstitution of a functional contractile apparatus. The complex behavior of satellite cells during skeletal muscle regeneration is tightly regulated through the dynamic interplay between intrinsic factors within satellite cells and extrinsic factors constituting the muscle stem cell niche/microenvironment. For the last half century, the advance of molecular biology, cell biology, and genetics has greatly improved our understanding of skeletal muscle biology. Here, we review some recent advances, with focuses on functions of satellite cells and their niche during the process of skeletal muscle regeneration.

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Macrophage-secreted myogenic factors: a promising tool for greatly enhancing the proliferative capacity of myoblasts in vitro and in vivo

Cited by 113 publications

References 12 publications

Expression of connexins during differentiation and regeneration of skeletal muscle: functional relevance of connexin43

Expression of connexins during differentiation and regeneration of skeletal muscle: functional relevance of connexin43

Regulatory interactions between muscle and the immune system during muscle regeneration

Satellite Cells and the Muscle Stem Cell Niche

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