Macrophages as Key Drivers of Cancer Progression and Metastasis

Nielsen, Sebastian R.; Schmid, Michael C.

doi:10.1155/2017/9624760

Cited by 262 publications

(209 citation statements)

References 107 publications

(103 reference statements)

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“…These cells are recruited to the tumor stroma and differentiated into Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) (Richards et al, 2013). TAMs have also been implicated in promoting tumor invasion and angiogenesis as well as having immunosuppressive effects on the anti-tumor response of lymphocytes by producing various cytokines and chemokines (Nielsen and Schmid, 2017). TAM infiltration has also been associated with vascular endothelial growth factor expression and linked to poor prognosis in canine breast carcinoma (Raposo et al, 2014;Raposo et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Value of Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio in Canine High-Grade Lymphoma Cases.

Tagawa¹,

Shimbo²,

Matsumoto³

et al. 2019

jwpr

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The Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio (LMR) has been described as a useful prognostic marker for human patients with various cancers and dogs with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The objective of this study was to determine whether the LMR could predict disease outcome as measured by the Time To Progression (TTP) and Overall Survival (OS) of dogs with different types of high-grade lymphoma. The medical records of 43 dogs diagnosed with high-grade lymphoma at the Veterinary Medical Center of Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine between 2013 and 2018, were retrospectively analyzed. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the optimal LMR cutoff values. The prognostic influence of the LMR and other clinicopathological data on TTP and OS was studied by Kaplan-Meier curves. To identify the independent prognostic factors, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional analyses were used. The optimal cutoff value of the LMR was 0.7, which corresponded to the maximum sensitivity (0.727) and specificity (0.762) of the LMR for predicting the median days of OS with ROC analysis (area under the curve, 0.794). Log-rank tests showed that dogs with a high LMR had significantly longer TTP and OS than dogs with a low LMR. Moreover, immunophenotype, body weight, treatment regimen and response to treatment were significantly associated with TTP and OS. In multivariate analysis, treatment and response to treatment were independent risk factors for TTP. Moreover, the LMR, treatment regimen and response to treatment were independent predictors of OS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Value of Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio in Canine High-Grade Lymphoma Cases.

Tagawa¹,

Shimbo²,

Matsumoto³

et al. 2019

jwpr

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“…1, cardiac pathophysiology), from embryonic development, homeostasis, electrical conduction, cardiac repair, and regeneration to immune responses against pathogens (17). In adult mammals, macrophages are found in all tissues, with the highest presence in the microenvironment of solid tumors, where they display a comprehensive anatomic and functional diversity of surface markers, depending on the microenvironment (18). Macrophages play a vibrant and multitasking role in the innate immune response to injury, and, with the integral role of phagocytosis, macrophages also regulate several wound-healing pathways, including dismantling and removing cell debris, development of mature infarct scar, and angiogenesis (9,19).…”

Section: Macrophages and Complex Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Unified nexus of macrophages and maresins in cardiac reparative mechanisms

Jadapalli

Halade

2018

FASEB j.

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Macrophages are immune-sensing "big eater" phagocytic cells responsible for an innate, adaptive, and regenerative response. After myocardial infarction, macrophages predominantly clear the deceased cardiomyocyte apoptotic or necrotic neutrophils to develop a regenerative and reparative program with the activation of the lipoxygenase-mediated maresin (MaR) metabolome at the site of ischemic injury. The specialized proresolving molecule and macrophage mediator in resolving inflammation, MaR-1, produced by human macrophages, has potent defining effects that limit polymorphonuclear neutrophil infiltration, enhance uptake of apoptotic PMNs, regulate inflammation resolution and tissue regeneration, and reduce pain. In addition to proresolving and anti-inflammatory actions, MaR-1 displays potent tissue regenerative effects in stroke and is an antinociceptive. Macrophages actively participate in the biosynthesis of bioactive MaR-2, which exhibits anti-inflammatory, proresolving, and atherosclerotic effects. A new class of macrophage-derived molecules, MaR conjugates in tissue regeneration, is identified that regulates phagocytosis and the repair and regeneration of damaged tissue. The presented review provides a current summary of the effect of MaR in resolution pathophysiology, with relevance to a cardiac repair program.-Jadapalli, J. K., Halade, G. V. Unified nexus of macrophages and maresins in cardiac reparative mechanisms.

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“…They can be activated by different types of stimuli (growth factors, cytokines, microbial products, nucleotides) which in turn will affect macrophages differently (Poh and Ernst, 2018). In vitro, the stimulation of macrophages by interferon-g (IFN-g) and/or lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induces the classical (M1) macrophage polarization (Nielsen and Schmid, 2017). M1 macrophages favor the generation of T helper Type 1 (Th1) lymphocytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%