Macroscopic fiber orientation model evaluation for concentrated short fiber reinforced polymers in comparison to experimental data

Kugler, Susanne K.; Lambert, Gregory; Cruz, Camilo; Kech, A.; Osswald, Tim A.; Baird, Donald G.

doi:10.1002/pc.25553

Cited by 15 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…There are several types of closure approximations proposed in the literature as for example fitted closures such as orthotropic closures [24][25][26], exact closures [27][28][29], or simple closures [23,30]. In our work, we use a fitted closure, the invariant-based optimal fitted (IBOF) closure approximation [25] based on the findings of Kugler et al [15].…”

Section: Continuum-based Models For Fiber Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The output of the Folgar-Tucker model could not be properly fitted with the experimental data [15]. Hence, Phelps and Tucker [6] formulated an anisotropic rotary diffusion model applicable to both short and long fiber thermoplastics.…”

Section: Continuum-based Models For Fiber Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this section, we propose a macroscopic model for incorporating the flow-type effect on fiber orientation and implement it in the injection molding software Autodesk Moldflow Insight Scandium R 2019. The existing and newly implemented models from the work of Kugler et al [15] took into account the effect of shear flow on fiber orientation. In this work, we introduce a novel model approach to consider the effect of both shear and elongational flows for the estimation of fiber orientation in an injection-molded part.…”

Section: Influence Of Flow Type On Fiber Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The derivativesȦ s andȦ e can be calculated using a macroscopic fiber orientation model with the respective parameters for shear and elongation. Based on the findings of Kugler et al [15], we used the pARD-RSC model to model fiber orientation in shear flow. From the mechanistic model simulation and the respective macroscopic fiber orientation model fits in Section 3.3, it was shown that the FT model is sufficient in elongational flows.…”

Section: Flow-dependent Fiber Orientation Model Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ortman et al [13] used a sliding plate rheometer, where it is possible to control the initial conditions [14], to measure fiber orientation evolution. Kugler et al [15] used the same setup to determine phenomenological parameters for a short fiber reinforced PBT-GF30. Recently, Perumal et al [16] measured transient fiber orientation evolution for a 30% wt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Flow-Dependent Fiber Orientation Model

et al. 2020

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The mechanical performance of fiber reinforced polymers is dependent on the process-induced fiber orientation. In this work, we focus on the prediction of the fiber orientation in an injection-molded short fiber reinforced thermoplastic part using an original multi-scale modeling approach. A particle-based model developed for shear flows is extended to elongational flows. This mechanistic model for elongational flows is validated using an experiment, which was conducted for a long fiber reinforced polymer. The influence of several fiber descriptors and fluid viscosity on fiber orientation under elongational flow is studied at the micro-scale. Based on this sensitivity analysis, a common parameter set for a continuum-based fiber orientation macroscopic model is defined under elongational flow. We then develop a novel flow-dependent macroscopic fiber orientation, which takes into consideration the effect of both elongational and shear flow on the fiber orientation evolution during the filling of a mold cavity. The model is objective and shows better performance in comparison to state-of-the-art fiber orientation models when compared to μCT-based fiber orientation measurements for several industrial parts. The model is implemented using the simulation software Autodesk Moldflow Insight Scandium® 2019.

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Section: Continuum-based Models For Fiber Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Continuum-based Models For Fiber Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Influence Of Flow Type On Fiber Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flow-dependent Fiber Orientation Model Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Flow-Dependent Fiber Orientation Model

et al. 2020

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Micro‐flow model with a new algorithm of random fiber distribution over the transverse cross‐section

et al. 2020

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A new algorithm to rapidly create representative volume elements (RVE) with random fibers distribution of high volume fractional was proposed. Derived from the classical hard core algorithm, and the "molecular force" effect was introduced to eliminate the irreversibility of the generation process. The new algorithm can create fiber microstructures with constant or random radius, and the volume fraction can reach 80% and 85% respectively. The stochastic statistical analysis of the generated fiber distribution shows that the generated microstructure is completely consistent with the spatial random distribution. Micro-flow analysis was performed using the generated RVE, predicting the transverse permeability of the fiber tow, and the predicted results were in good agreement with the experimental results. A simple method for creating RVE with random distribution of fibers was provided for the micro-mechanical analysis of composite materials.

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Study of the optical, thermal, morphological and mechanical characteristics of a laser weldable fiber reinforced polymer

et al. 2022

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In recent years, varied industrial users such as the automotive and electronic manufacturers, have greatly expanded the application of technical polymers, exploring the lower weight, improved moldability of complex parts and good mechanical performance that these materials can provide, especially when reinforced with fibers. Among these materials, polybutylene terephthalate reinforced with 30% glass fiber, designated as PBT GF30, is highly interesting, since it combines excellent mechanical properties with watertightness, allowing PBT GF30 to be used in the encapsulation of sensitive electronic elements. However, to maintain access, PBT GF30 products always require the use of joints, which are often created using laser welding. This work presents a detailed characterization of the thermal, optical, mechanical, and morphological characteristics of PBT‐GF30 suitable for laser welding, supported by a numerical analysis. This process allowed to determine the influence of thermal energy on the behavior of the material and thus fully understand the mechanical response of the material after laser welding. Testing of the PBT GF30 in the as received state confirmed a fusion temperature of 225°C and large energy absorption for wavelengths around 1000 nm. Exposure to large temperatures leads to increased fiber exposure and matrix degradation, with a deleterious effect on the mechanical properties. When treated at the highest temperature under consideration, the material exhibited a reduction of 66% in its ultimate tensile stress, 67% in the yield at failure, 45% in the Young's modulus and 44% in the stress intensity factor. Hardness was less affected by the temperature increase. From the numerical model for the tensile and the compact tension tests, it was possible to find a good degree of convergence. This material was generally found suitable for laser welding processes and the determined useful to support the modeling the behavior of laser welded joints.

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Macroscopic fiber orientation model evaluation for concentrated short fiber reinforced polymers in comparison to experimental data

Cited by 15 publications

References 29 publications

A Flow-Dependent Fiber Orientation Model

A Flow-Dependent Fiber Orientation Model

Micro‐flow model with a new algorithm of random fiber distribution over the transverse cross‐section

Study of the optical, thermal, morphological and mechanical characteristics of a laser weldable fiber reinforced polymer

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