Macroscopic spray characteristics of iso-octane, ethanol, gasoline and methanol from a multi-hole injector under flash boiling conditions

Badawy, Tawfik; Xu, Hongming; Li, Yanfei

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121820

Cited by 28 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The ambient temperature primarily affects the spray behavior in terms of its evaporation rate, both microscopically and macroscopically. Hot ambient air inside the cylinder could improve the evaporation of the spray outer periphery and consequently decreasing the spray cone angle [39,107,[120][121][122]. Increasing ambient temperature could lead to enhanced evaporation rate and thus considerably shorten the spray penetration length [123][124][125][126][127].…”

Section: Factors Affecting Spray Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diesel Spray: Development of Spray in Diesel Engine

Djamari

Idris²,

Paristiawan³

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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Research and development in the internal combustion engine (ICE) has been growing progressively. Issues such as air pollution, fuel cost, and market competitiveness have driven the automotive industry to develop and manufacture automobiles that meet new regulation and customers’ needs. The diesel engine has some advantages over the gasoline or spark ignition engine, including higher engine efficiency, greater power output, as well as reliability. Since the early stage of the diesel engine’s development phase, the quest to obtain better atomization, proper fuel supply, and accurate timing control, have triggered numerous innovations. In the last two decades, owing to the development of optical technology, the visualization of spray atomization has been made possible using visual diagnostics techniques. This advancement has greatly improved research in spray evolution. Yet, a more comprehensive understanding related to these aspects has not yet been agreed upon. Diesel spray, in particular, is considered a complicated phenomenon to observe because of its high-speed, high pressure, as well as its high temperature working condition. Nevertheless, several mechanisms have been successfully explained using fundamental studies, providing several suggestions in the area, such as liquid atomization and two-phase spray flow. There are still many aspects that have not yet been agreed upon. This paper comprehensively reviews the current status of theoretical diesel spray and modelling, including some important numerical and experimental aspects.

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Section: Factors Affecting Spray Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diesel Spray: Development of Spray in Diesel Engine

Djamari

Idris²,

Paristiawan³

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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“…Numerous studies have been conducted on the correlation between fuel superheating and flash-boiling spray characteristics, where superheat is represented by the ratio of ambient pressure to fuel saturation pressure (P a =P s ). 20,25,43 However, the effect of the ambient temperature remains undetermined, and superheating is recognized as a unique factor affecting flash boiling. Based on this, the influence of the ambient temperature on the flash-boiling state was investigated while maintaining the same fuel superheat.…”

Section: Influence Mechanism Of Ambient Temperature On the Flash-boil...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ghosh et al 24 obtained the methanol spray vapor‐ and liquid‐phase penetration at engine‐related conditions and analyzed the varied influence of ambient temperature, ambient density, and injection pressure on methanol vapor and liquid penetration. Badawy et al 25 investigated the microscopic characteristics and macroscopic morphology of the spray for different fuels under various superheat degrees by altering the fuel temperature and ambient pressure and determined the relationship between the spray characteristics and the superheat degrees. Wu et al 26 studied the influence of ambient temperature, injection pressure, and spray concentration on the methanol spray droplet size under different negative pressures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of the macroscopic characteristics of methanol low‐pressure injection spray

Chen²,

Su³

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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This study aims to examine the effects of ambient pressure, fuel temperature, and ambient temperature on the macroscopic characteristics of a methanol low-pressure spray. Backlight imaging and high-speed photography are used to record spray morphology. The experimental conditions include the normal, transitional, and strong flash-boiling states. The flash-boiling state significantly increases the spray penetration and angle. The plumes of the strong flashboiling spray shrink along the injector axis into a long, narrow liquid beam, and the spray morphology is similar to that of a shuttle. The flash-boiling spray yields different performance at various ambient temperatures despite constant fuel superheat, which indicates that the flash-boiling state is affected by both the fuel superheat and ambient temperature. Moreover, the influence mechanism is examined. A high ambient temperature increases the likelihood and severity of bubble burst. By contrast, a low ambient temperature hinders bubble expansion and bursting, reducing the flash-boiling intensity. Furthermore, a dimensionless analysis of the non-flash-boiling spray velocity is performed, and the correlation between the non-flash-boiling spray velocity and air-fuel density ratio, Weber number, and Reynolds number is established. The deviation of the predictive value from the correlation and measured value is within ±5%. The results indicate that the Reynolds number has a less significant effect than the air-fuel density ratio and Weber number.

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“…In addition, a recent studies on the effect of a mixture of ethanol and isooctane on laminar burning characteristics [ 17 – 19 ], octane reaction on the methyl tert -butyl ether (MTBE) with gasoline [ 20 ]. Furthermore, application research on the effect of the use of ethanol and isooctane against flame speed [ 21 ], dynamic spray [ 22 ], macroscopic spray characteristics under flash boiling conditions [ 23 , 24 ], NOx emissions [ 25 , 26 ], particulate matter [ 27 ], and their impact on fuel efficiency have also been applied to the SI engine, and the results show that there is a significant performance improvement [ [28] , [29] , [30] ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%