Macular perfusion density evaluation in constant and intermittent exotropia by means of optical coherence tomography angiography

Zhai, Jing; Fang, Wei; Yu, Xingjian; Ye, Xinjie; Hou, Lei

doi:10.1186/s12886-021-02006-1

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Compared with the control group, we found that in the exotropia group, SCP was greater in the temporal quadrant in the deviated eyes, and lower in the nasal quadrant in the dominant eyes in the outer macula. The previous reports were almost inconsistent [ 30 , 33 ]. Li-Ying L. et al [ 30 ] analyzed 29 constant strabismic patients and compared the macular microvasculature with age-matched healthy controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of retinal microvasculature in exotropia with abnormal binocular vision by optical coherence tomography angiography

Chen

Qin-Zhu

et al. 2023

BMC Ophthalmol

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Background To explore the retinal microvasculature in large-angle concomitant exotropia patients with abnormal binocular vision using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) analysis. Methods OCTA images of 52 healthy and 100 strabismic eyes were analyzed to quantify the retinal thickness (RT), superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and foveal avascular zone (FAZ). Paired t-tests were performed to compare differences between the two groups, the dominant eye and the deviated eye in the exotropia group, respectively. A p-value < 0.01 was considered significant. Results The mean angle of deviation was 79.38 [± 25.64] (prism diopters, PD). There were significant differences in the DCP in deviated eyes between the exotropia group and the control group (fovea: p = 0.007; temporal: p = 0.014; nasal: p = 0.028; inferior: p = 0.013). The temporal SCP in the exotropia group was significantly higher than in the control group in deviated eyes (p = 0.020). No significant difference was found between dominant eyes and strabismic eyes (p > 0.01). Conclusions The study showed that OCTA revealed subnormal DCP in patients with large-angle exotropia and abnormal binocularity which may be related to retinal suppression. Changes in the macular microvasculature may provide valuable insights into the development of strabismus. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical relevance of this finding. Trial registration This trial is registered as ChiCTR2100052577 at www.Chictr.org.cn.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of retinal microvasculature in exotropia with abnormal binocular vision by optical coherence tomography angiography

Chen

Qin-Zhu

et al. 2023

BMC Ophthalmol

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“…The reason why the transient vascular changes occurred only in the SCP is unclear. Zhai et al [ 26 ] reported that macular perfusion densities of the SCP in 3 × 3-mm scans and DCP in 6 × 6 -mm scans were lower in the deviating eyes than in the fixating eyes of patients with exotropia, which may be related to the constant lack of normal visual information received by the deviating eye. Unlike Zhai’s study, there was a significant perfusion decrease only in the SCP in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraocular vascular analysis using optical coherence tomography angiography in patients with vascular paralytic strabismus

Lee

2022

PLoS ONE

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Purpose To investigate changes in peripapillary and macular vessel density (VD) in vascular paralytic strabismus using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods Medical records of patients who recovered from monocular vascular paralytic strabismus were retrospectively analyzed. Age, sex, presence of underlying diseases, strabismus type and severity, time to recovery, and visual acuity at diagnosis were evaluated. VD in the optic disc area and macular capillary plexus density were estimated using OCTA. The effect of paralytic strabismus on intraocular VD was investigated by comparing VD between the paralysis and contralateral eyes. To analyze hemodynamic changes, VD changes in the paralysis eye during the attack and recovery were compared. Results Thirty-one patients (mean age, 64.1±13.0 years; 21 males, 10 females) were included and mean recovery time was 3.0±1.6 months. The most common paralysis was sixth nerve palsy (54.8%). When comparing OCTA results between the paralysis and contralateral non-paralysis eyes, foveal VD in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) was significantly lower in the paralysis eye (P = 0.034); however, VD in the optic disc area was not different. In the paralysis eye, foveal VD in the SCP significantly increased after paralysis recovery (P = 0.04). During attack, the maximal deviation angle and severity of duction limitation were significantly related to foveal VD in SCP. The greater the deviation angle and the more severe the eye movement restriction, the lower the foveal VD in SCP. Conclusions Transient retinal ischemia of the paralysis eye was observed in a patient with paralytic strabismus, which corresponded to the degree of deviation angle and ocular motor restriction. Ischemic factors, which are the etiology of vascular paralytic strabismus, affect intraocular blood flow.

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“…The previous reports have been inconsistent. (23,25) Liying L. et al (23) analysed 56 constant strabismus patients and compared macular microvasculature with age-matched healthy controls. They indicated that no signi cant difference was found in RT, SCP, and DCP among dominant eyes, nondominant eyes, and control eyes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also investigated DCP vessel density, which was lower in all quadrants except the superior quadrant Some previous studies also showed similar results. Zhai J. et al (25) studied 40 exotropia patients using OCTA compared with 36 controls. The macular perfusion density of DCP in the nondominant eyes of constant exotropia and intermittent constant exotropia patients was signi cantly lower than that of the controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of retinal microvasculature in exotropia with abnormal binocular vision by optical coherence tomography angiography

Chen

Zhu

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: To explore the retinal microvasculature in large angle concomitant exotropia patients with abnormal binocular vision using quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) analysis. Methods: OCTA images of 52 healthy and 100 strabismic eyes were analyzed to quantify the retinal thickness (RT), superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and foveal avascular zone (FAZ). Paired t-tests were performed comparing differences in the two groups, dominant and deviated eyes in exotropia group, respectively. Results: The mean angle of deviation at the distance was 79.38 [± 25.64] (prism diopters, PD). The temporal SCP in exotropia group was significantly higher than that of control group in deviated eyes (p = 0.020). Nasal vessel density in exotropia group was lower than that of control group in the SCP in deviated eyes (p = 0.037). There were significantly differences in the DCP in deviated eyes between exotropia group and control group (Fovea: p = 0.007; Temporal: p = 0.014; Nasal: p = 0.028; Inferior: p = 0.013). Dominant eyes had significantly greater nasal RT and temporal SCP than deviated eyes (p = 0.023 and p = 0.043). Conclusions:The study found that OCTA reveals subnormal, superficial, and deep macular capillary density in large angle exotropia patients with abnormal binocularity and may be related to retinal suppression. Changes in macular microvasculature may offer valuable insights in the development of strabismus. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical relevance of this finding. Trial registration: This trial is registered as ChiCTR2100052577 at www.Chictr.org.cn .

show abstract

Macular perfusion density evaluation in constant and intermittent exotropia by means of optical coherence tomography angiography

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Evaluation of retinal microvasculature in exotropia with abnormal binocular vision by optical coherence tomography angiography

Evaluation of retinal microvasculature in exotropia with abnormal binocular vision by optical coherence tomography angiography

Intraocular vascular analysis using optical coherence tomography angiography in patients with vascular paralytic strabismus

Evaluation of retinal microvasculature in exotropia with abnormal binocular vision by optical coherence tomography angiography

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