MAFLD: what 2 years of the redefinition of fatty liver disease has taught us

Grabherr, Felix; Grander, Christoph; Effenberger, Maria; Schwärzler, Julian; Tilg, Herbert

doi:10.1177/20420188221139101

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…These findings were similar to our results that TFQI FT4 was positively associated with the prevalence of diabetes in euthyroid adults in the United States rather than in China. In addition, previous studies have reported significant associations of TFQI FT3 , but not TFQI FT4 , with MAFLD and NAFLD [ 19 , 40–42 ]. However, investigations into the associations between TFQI FT3 and diabetes were limited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of thyroid feedback quantile-based index with diabetes in euthyroid adults in the United States and China

Wan,

Yu,

et al. 2024

Annals of Medicine

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Background We aimed to investigate the associations between thyroid hormone sensitivity indices and diabetes in euthyroid adults in the United States and China. Methods 2296 euthyroid adults from the NHANES in the United States and 8319 euthyroid adults from the SPEED-Shunde in China were involved. The thyroid sensitivity indices, namely TFQIFT4 and TFQIFT3, were calculated. Multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic spline analysis, and general ordinal logit regression were utilized. Results In the NHANES, compared with participants in quartile 1st (Q1), those in Q4 of TFQI FT3 (OR 2.12, 95% CI (1.18, 3.81)) and those in Q3 of TFQI FT4 (OR 2.31, 95% CI (1.18, 4.53)) (both P for trend < 0.05) were associated with a greater prevalence of diabetes. In the SPEED-Shunde, compared with participants in Q1, those in Q4 of TFQI FT3 had a greater prevalence of diabetes (OR 1.36, 95% CI (1.11, 1.66) ( P for trend < 0.05), while no significant associations between TFQI FT4 and diabetes were found. Conclusions TFQI FT3 was associated with a higher prevalence of diabetes both in the United States and China. However, TFQI FT4 was only associated with a higher prevalence of diabetes in the United States, not in China. Further prospective cohort studies are necessary to validate these findings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of thyroid feedback quantile-based index with diabetes in euthyroid adults in the United States and China

Wan,

Yu,

et al. 2024

Annals of Medicine

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“…Recently, several researchers have opted the newly coined term “MAFLD,” replacing the previous NAFLD term. The redefinition reflects substantial information gained from previous studies on the association between fatty liver and overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic risk factors [ 31 – 33 ]. We also like to use the term MAFLD, instead of NAFLD or fatty liver, as this term more accurately emphasizes cardiovascular risks in patients with CHC [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of fatty liver and its association with metabolic syndrome among rural adults with chronic hepatitis C: Implications for primary healthcare

Wang,

Chen,

Lin

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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Background Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) virus infection is a global health concern that is associated with significant liver-related morbidity and mortality. Owing to the inflammatory pathway, CHC can causefatty liver, liver cirrhosis, and liver cancer and is associated with cardiometabolic diseases, such as hypertension and diabetes. Fatty liver is associated with metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and liver cancer. Hence, the early detection of fatty liver through noninvasive screening in adults with CHC is important in primary healthcare settings. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of fatty liver and its association with metabolic syndrome amongrural adults with CHC. Methods This was a series of cohort studies related to the elimination of the CHC burden around the western coastal Yunlin County, Taiwan, between August 2018 and July 2021. A cross-sectional study was conducted after hepatitis C virus RNA confirmation in a hepatitis C- endemic area. A gastrointestinal physician or radiologist assessed fatty liver by ultrasonography. Fatty liver was classified into four grades: normal, mild, moderate, and severe. Three liver enzyme biomarkers were identified. According to the Taiwan national standard, metabolic syndrome was defined based on the presence of three or more of the five abnormal biomarkers, including increased waist circumference, elevated blood pressure, elevated fasting blood glucose level, elevated triglyceride level, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level. Results A total of 256 rural adults with CHC were enrolled. The mean age of the participants was 67.5 (standard deviation = 11.8) years, with a low educational level. High prevalence of fatty liver (79%), central obesity (54.3%), elevated blood pressure (55.5%),elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) level (44.9%), and metabolic syndrome (37.9%) were observed.The results showed that adults with CHC with moderate to severe fatty liver were significantly associated with an increased risk of increased waist circumference (P < 0.001), increased blood pressure (P < 0.001), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (P < 0.05), and elevated liver enzyme biomarker levels (all P < 0.05) after adjusting for age, sex, and educational level. Furthermore, adults with CHC with moderate to severe fatty liver were significantly associated with a greater risk of metabolic syndrome (odds ratio = 2.85, 95% confidence interval = 1.66 to 4.92). Conclusions The findings demonstrate a high prevalence of fatty liver in rural adults with CHC, which is significantly associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and elevated liver biomarker levels. Clinicians and primary healthcare providers must encourage patients with CHC to receive antiviral therapy combined with weight loss management and lifestyle modification, allowing general improvements in their liver and cardiometabolic health.

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“…Many clinicians treat NAFLD as one of the components of metabolic syndrome (MS), with particular emphasis on the coexistence of this pathology with obesity and impaired glucose and/or lipid metabolism [ 3 , 4 ]. This approach led to the introduction of the concept of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus—The Chicken or the Egg Dilemma

2023

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In clinical practice, we often deal with patients who suffer from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) concurrent with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The etiopathogenesis of NAFLD is mainly connected with insulin resistance (IR) and obesity. Similarly, the latter patients are in the process of developing T2DM. However, the mechanisms of NAFLD and T2DM coexistence have not been fully elucidated. Considering that both diseases and their complications are of epidemic proportions and significantly affect the length and quality of life, we aimed to answer which of these diseases appears first and thereby highlight the need for their diagnosis and treatment. To address this question, we present and discuss the epidemiological data, diagnoses, complications and pathomechanisms of these two coexisting metabolic diseases. This question is difficult to answer due to the lack of a uniform procedure for NAFLD diagnosis and the asymptomatic nature of both diseases, especially at their beginning stages. To conclude, most researchers suggest that NAFLD appears as the first disease and starts the sequence of circumstances leading ultimately to the development of T2DM. However, there are also data suggesting that T2DM develops before NAFLD. Despite the fact that we cannot definitively answer this question, it is very important to bring the attention of clinicians and researchers to the coexistence of NAFLD and T2DM in order to prevent their consequences.

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MAFLD: what 2 years of the redefinition of fatty liver disease has taught us

Cited by 6 publications

References 59 publications

Associations of thyroid feedback quantile-based index with diabetes in euthyroid adults in the United States and China

Associations of thyroid feedback quantile-based index with diabetes in euthyroid adults in the United States and China

High prevalence of fatty liver and its association with metabolic syndrome among rural adults with chronic hepatitis C: Implications for primary healthcare

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus—The Chicken or the Egg Dilemma

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