Maggie Hays Ni Deposit: Part 2. Nickel Mineralization and the Spatial Distribution of PGE Ore-Forming Signatures in the Maggie Hays Ni System, Lake Johnston Greenstone Belt, Western Australia

Heggie, Geoffrey J.; Fiorentini, Marco L.; Barnes, Stephen J.; Barley, Mark

doi:10.2113/econgeo.107.5.817

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In contrast, the Lake Johnston block comprises younger, more juvenile material, with eHf +2.0. This protocratonic lithospheric architecture exerts a first-order control on the localization of the ∼2.9 Ga high-MgO komatiites of the Forrestania (17) and Lake Johnston (10,19,33) greenstone belts. These komatiites occur in the juvenile Lake Johnston block, primarily along the margin of the older Hyden block (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 and 6) (34,35), and formed giant, high-flux komatiite flow fields that contain large nickel-sulfide ore reserves (5,33). At ∼2.9 Ga in the juvenile Lake Johnston block, channelized high-MgO komatiites erupted to form thick olivine cumulate bodies that are now preserved in the Forrestania (17), Lake Johnston (10,19,33), and Ravensthorpe (36) greenstone belts. Their setting is consistent with the occurrence of a paleocraton margin at the Hyden-Lake Johnston block boundary at ∼2.9 Ga (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5), ensured Barberton-type melts were erupted in the Forrestania greenstone belt (17) before significant dilution by the upper high-percentage partial melt Munro-type magmas could occur. The eastward position of the Lake Johnston greenstone belt allowed homogenization of the Barberton-Munro melts, resulting in magmas with intermediate compositions (19) (Fig. 5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Archean komatiite volcanism controlled by the evolution of early continents

Mole

Fiorentini

Thébaud

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

141

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The generation and evolution of Earth's continental crust has played a fundamental role in the development of the planet. Its formation modified the composition of the mantle, contributed to the establishment of the atmosphere, and led to the creation of ecological niches important for early life. Here we show that in the Archean, the formation and stabilization of continents also controlled the location, geochemistry, and volcanology of the hottest preserved lavas on Earth: komatiites. These magmas typically represent 50-30% partial melting of the mantle and subsequently record important information on the thermal and chemical evolution of the Archean-Proterozoic Earth. As a result, it is vital to constrain and understand the processes that govern their localization and emplacement. Here, we combined Lu-Hf isotopes and U-Pb geochronology to map the four-dimensional evolution of the Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia, and reveal the progressive development of an Archean microcontinent. Our results show that in the early Earth, relatively small crustal blocks, analogous to modern microplates, progressively amalgamated to form larger continental masses, and eventually the first cratons. This cratonization process drove the hottest and most voluminous komatiite eruptions to the edge of established continental blocks. The dynamic evolution of the early continents thus directly influenced the addition of deep mantle material to the Archean crust, oceans, and atmosphere, while also providing a fundamental control on the distribution of major magmatic ore deposits. crustal evolution | lithosphere | architecture | mantle plumes | Ni-Cu-PGE deposits

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Archean komatiite volcanism controlled by the evolution of early continents

Mole

Fiorentini

Thébaud

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

141

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“…In detail, ore profiles are commonly more complex than the stereotype (Lesher, 2007;Houle et al, 2012). In a number of cases the composition of the sulfide fraction is not homogeneous, but shows a systematic variation from Cu-and Pt-Pd poor, Ir-Ru-Os-Rh enriched massive ore, indicative of an origin as MSS cumulate, to net textured ores with the opposite characteristics (Keays et al, 1981;Barnes and Naldrett, 1986;Barnes et al, 1988;Heggie et al, 2012). These complexities could still be accommodated within the basic theory, but the presence of leopard-textured poikilitic matrix ores as well as patchy net-textured ores, especially patchy net-texture with sulfide globules as described above from Alexo and the South Raglan deposits, become very hard to explain.…”

Section: The Billiard-ball Model Reconsidered -Origins Of Net-texturementioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfide-silicate textures in magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide ore deposits: Disseminated and net-textured ores

Barnes

Mungall

Godel

et al. 2017

American Mineralogist

128

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A large proportion of ores in magmatic sulfide deposits consist of mixtures of cumulus silicate minerals, sulfide liquid and silicate melt, with characteristic textural relationships that provide essential clues to their origin. Within silicate-sulfide cumulates, there is a range of sulfide abundance in magmatic-textured silicate-sulfide ores between ores with up to about five modal percent sulfides, called "disseminated ores", and "net-textured" (or "matrix") ores containing about 30 to 70 modal percent sulfide forming continuous networks enclosing cumulus silicates. Disseminated ores in cumulates have a variety of textural types relating to the presence or absence of trapped interstitial silicate melt and (rarely) vapour bubbles. Spherical or oblate spherical globules with smooth menisci, as in the Black Swan disseminated ores, are associated with silicate-filled cavities interpreted as amygdales or segregation vesicles. More irregular globules lacking internal differentiation and having partially facetted margins are interpreted as entrainment of previously segregated, partially solidified sulfide. There is a textural continuum between various types of disseminated and net-textured ores, intermediate types commonly taking the form of "patchy net-textured ores" containing sulfide-rich and sulfide-poor domains at cm to dm scale. These textures are ascribed primarily to the process of sulfide percolation, itself triggered by the process of competitive wetting whereby the silicate melt preferentially wets silicate crystal surfaces. The process is self-reinforcing as sulfide migration causes sulfide networks to grow by coalescence, with a larger rise height and hence a greater gravitational driving force for percolation and silicate melt displacement. Many of the textural variants catalogued here, including poikilitic or leopard-textured ores, can be explained in these terms. Additional complexity is added by factors such as the presence of oikocrysts and segregation of sulfide liquid during strain-rate dependent thixotropic behaviour of partially consolidated cumulates. Integrated textural and geochemical studies are critical to full understanding of ore-forming systems.

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Review of Predictive and Detective Exploration Tools for Magmatic Ni-Cu-(PGE) Deposits, With a Focus on Komatiite-Related Systems in Western Australia

Vaillant

Fiorentini

2018

Processes and Ore Deposits of Ultramafic-Mafic Magmas Through Space and Time

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Maggie Hays Ni Deposit: Part 2. Nickel Mineralization and the Spatial Distribution of PGE Ore-Forming Signatures in the Maggie Hays Ni System, Lake Johnston Greenstone Belt, Western Australia

Cited by 18 publications

References 40 publications

Archean komatiite volcanism controlled by the evolution of early continents

Archean komatiite volcanism controlled by the evolution of early continents

Sulfide-silicate textures in magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide ore deposits: Disseminated and net-textured ores

Review of Predictive and Detective Exploration Tools for Magmatic Ni-Cu-(PGE) Deposits, With a Focus on Komatiite-Related Systems in Western Australia

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