Magma mixing in alkaline magmas: An example from Tenerife, Canary Islands

Araña, Vicente; Martı́, Joan; Aparicio, Alfredo; García-Cacho, L.; García-García, R.

doi:10.1016/0024-4937(94)90018-3

Cited by 42 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…From the existing radiometric ages and the stratigraphic relationships between the erupted products, it is clear that most of phonolitic eruptions are preceded by several basaltic eruptions and in some cases both occur simultaneously (e.g. Montaña Reventada, Araña et al 1994;Wiesmaier et al 2011). A similar pattern has also been observed in the pre-TPV central complex (Las Cañadas Edifice) (Martí et al 2008a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Eruptive scenarios of phonolitic volcanism at Teide–Pico Viejo volcanic complex (Tenerife, Canary Islands)

et al. 2011

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Recent studies on Teide-Pico Viejo (TPV) complex have revealed that explosive activity of phonolitic and basaltic magmas, including plinian and subplinian eruptions, and the generation of a wide range of pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) have also been significant. We perform a statistical analysis of the time series of past eruptions and the spatial extent of their erupted products, including lava flows, fallout and PDCs. We use an extreme value theory statistical method to calculate eruption recurrence. The analysis of past activity and extent of some well-identified deposits is used to calculate the eruption recurrence probabilities of various sizes and for different time periods. With this information, we compute several significant scenarios using the GIS-based VORIS 2 software (Felpeto et al., J Volcanol Geotherm Res 166: [106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116] 2007) in order to evaluate the potential extent of the main eruption hazards that could be expected from TPV. The simulated hazard scenarios show that the southern flank of Tenerife is protected by Las Cañadas caldera wall against lava flows and pyroclastic density currents, but not against ash fallout. The Icod Valley, and to a minor extent also the La Orotava valley, is directly exposed to most of TPV hazards, in particular to the gravity driven flows. This study represents a step forward in the evaluation of volcanic hazard at TPV with regard to previous studies, and the results obtained should be useful for intermediate and long-term land-use and emergency planning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Eruptive scenarios of phonolitic volcanism at Teide–Pico Viejo volcanic complex (Tenerife, Canary Islands)

et al. 2011

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“…The CTPVC is the main volcanic edifice of the island at present. Different periods of activity can be identified in its evolution, separated by quiet gaps that are longer than the periods of activity [ Araña et al , 1994]. The sequence of events generating each constructive and destructive phase can be described as: 1.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

High resolution 3D P wave velocity structure beneath Tenerife Island (Canary Islands, Spain) based on tomographic inversion of active‐source data

et al. 2012

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[1] We present a high resolution 3 dimensional (3D) P wave velocity model for Tenerife Island, Canaries, covering the top of Teide volcano (3,718 m a.s.l.) down to around 8 km below sea level (b.s.l). The tomographic inversion is based on a large data set of travel times obtained from a 3D active seismic experiment using offshore shots (air guns) recorded at more than 100 onshore seismic stations. The obtained seismic velocity structure is strongly heterogeneous with significant (up to 40%) lateral variations. The main volcanic structure of the Las Cañadas-Teide-Pico Viejo Complex (CTPVC) is characterized by a high P wave velocity body, similar to many other stratovolcanoes. The presence of different high P wave velocity regions inside the CTPVC may be related to the geological and volcanological evolution of the system. The presence of high P wave velocities at the center of the island is interpreted as evidence for a single central volcanic source for the formation of Tenerife. Furthermore, reduced P wave velocities are found in a small confined region in CTPVC and are more likely related to hydrothermal alteration, as indicated by the existence of fumaroles, than to the presence of a magma chamber beneath the system. In the external regions, surrounding CTPVC a few lower P wave velocity regions can be interpreted as fractured zones, hydrothermal alterations, porous materials and thick volcaniclastic deposits.Citation: García-Yeguas, A., I. Koulakov, J. M. Ibáñez, and A. Rietbrock (2012), High resolution 3D P wave velocity structure beneath Tenerife Island (Canary Islands, Spain) based on tomographic inversion of active-source data,

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“…Intermediate rocks in this series (especially basaltic trachyandesites) present partially corroded xenocrysts, an indication of "crystal-magma" mixing, a feature commonly observed in oceanic islands (cf. discussion above; also [55]). Olivine (Fo 72 ) is found only in the alkali basalt, the presumed parental composition in the potassic trend, an indication that this rock is geochemically more differentiated than the Remédios basanites present in the sodic series.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…On the other hand, the already mentioned xenocrysts found in phonolites (olivines and diopsides) are clearly out of equilibrium in these rocks, as indicated by reaction rims formed around their corroded cores [1,54]; cf. also [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The volcanic-subvolcanic rocks of the fernando de noronha archipelago, southern atlantic ocean: Mineral chemistry

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Ulbrich²,

Ulbrich³

2014

Open Geosciences

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Fernando de Noronha archipelago presents an older Remédios Formation with subvolcanic intrusions, belonging to two different alkaline series, the sodic (undersaturated: basanites, tephrites, essexites, tephriphonolites, phonolites), and potassic ones (mildly undersaturated to silicic, with alkali basalts, basaltic trachyandesites, trachyandesites, trachytes), and lamprophyres. The upper Quixaba Formation presents nephelinite flows and basanites. A third minor unit, São José, is constituted by basanites carrying mantle xenoliths. Magnesian olivines occur in the Remédios basanites and alkali basalts, and in nephelinites. Melilites are present as groundmass grains in melilite melanephelinites (MEM). Clinopyroxenes (cpx) are mostly salites to titaniferous salites (Remédios sodic series), grading into aegirines in the differentiated aphyric phonolites. Cpx in the lamprophyres show disequilibrium textures. In the Quixaba flows, cpx are salites, enriched in Mg (especially in MEM). Amphiboles, remarkably, are common in tephriphonolites and phonolites and in basaltic trachyandesites, sometimes with disequilibrum zoning textures, and a conspicuous phase in lamprophyres. Dark micas are present as groundmass plates in MEM, OLM and PYM (olivine and pyroxene melanephelinites), with compositional variety (enriched in Ti, Ba, Sr) depending on the composition of the parent rock; BaO can be as high as 16–19%. Feldspars crystallize as calcic plagioclases, sanidines and anorthoclases, depending on the rock types, as phenocrysts and in groundmass, both in Quixaba and Remédios rocks; they are absent in nephelinites. Nephelines are found in Remédios sodic series types and Quixaba rocks. Haüyne and noseane are rarely observed in Remédios rocks.

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Magma mixing in alkaline magmas: An example from Tenerife, Canary Islands

Cited by 42 publications

References 44 publications

Eruptive scenarios of phonolitic volcanism at Teide–Pico Viejo volcanic complex (Tenerife, Canary Islands)

Eruptive scenarios of phonolitic volcanism at Teide–Pico Viejo volcanic complex (Tenerife, Canary Islands)

High resolution 3D P wave velocity structure beneath Tenerife Island (Canary Islands, Spain) based on tomographic inversion of active‐source data

The volcanic-subvolcanic rocks of the fernando de noronha archipelago, southern atlantic ocean: Mineral chemistry

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