Magnesium acetyl taurate prevents tissue damage and deterioration of prosocial behavior related with vasopressin levels in traumatic brain injured rats

Abstract

AIM:To investigate the effects of different magnesium forms on tissue damage, cognitive and emotional behavioural impairment after mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). MATERIAL and METHODS:Rats were divided into 5 groups (control, trauma, magnesium sulphate, magnesium citrate, magnesium acetyl taurate) and following head trauma, empathy-like behaviour, anxiety-like behaviour (elevated plus maze and open field tests), and depression (forced swim test) were measured. The rats were then sacrificed 12 days later. Oxytocin, vasopressin and receptors levels in the amygdala and prefrontal cortex regions were measured. Histopathological damage (with haematoxylin-eosin staining) and apoptosis (with caspase-3 immunohistochemistry) was evaluated. RESULTS:Following head trauma, anxiety-like behaviour and depression tests did not change; empathy-like behaviour deteriorated on the 3 rd day and improved gradually on the 6 th and 12 th days. Oxytocin, vasopressin and vasopressin v1b receptor levels decreased in the amygdala; morphological damage and apoptosis were significant. Magnesium acetyl taurate effectively ameliorated histopathological deteriorations and improved vasopressin and v1b receptor levels in the amygdala. Transient deterioration of empathy-like behaviour was impeded only in magnesium taurate treatment. CONCLUSION:Magnesium acetyl taurate can be a promising candidate agent to prevent structural and functional damage in traumatic brain injury.

Systematic review: pain, cognition, and cardioprotection—unpacking oxytocin’s contributions in a sport context

“…Most of the time animal studies control for auditory input in relation to oxytocin. At the time of writing this review, there is not enough information about the changes due to said input considering this neuropeptide, but it seems that the relationship between oxytocin and auditory input is species-dependent, namely, SD rats, wolves (a strong hierarchical order), cats (somewhat owner-dependent response), and zebra finch (mesotocin-spatial location of birds among each other) behaved differently ( Watts et al, 2022 ; Baran et al, 2016 ; Fitzpatrick and Morrow, 2020 ; Hosgorler et al, 2020 ; Nagasawa et al, 2022 ; Wirobski et al, 2023 ). Humans commonly use singing in many rituals, and it is part of every culture throughout the world.…”

The interaction of the circadian and immune system: Desynchrony as a pathological outcome to traumatic brain injury

“…Further characterization of the specific impairments to the circadian system can also advance understanding of TBI outcomes and help to better inform treatment. A recent preclinical study found decreases in vasopressin, another important circadian neurotransmitter, in specific brain regions that showed morphological deficits ( Hosgorler et al, 2020 ). Therefore, future studies may demonstrate that restoration of vasopressin levels helps remediate TBI related symptomology, including circadian disruption.…”

Presentation1.PDF

“…Most of the time animal studies control for auditory input in relation to oxytocin. At the time of writing this review, there is not enough information about the changes due to said input considering this neuropeptide, but it seems that the relationship between oxytocin and auditory input is species-dependent, namely, SD rats, wolves (a strong hierarchical order), cats (somewhat owner-dependent response), and zebra finch (mesotocin-spatial location of birds among each other) behaved differently (Watts et al, 2022;Baran et al, 2016;Fitzpatrick and Morrow, 2020;Hosgorler et al, 2020;Nagasawa et al, 2022;Wirobski et al, 2023). Humans commonly use singing in many rituals, and it is part of every culture throughout the world.…”