Magnesium and Calcium Organophyllosilicates: Synthesis and In vitro Cytotoxicity Study

Abstract

Synthesis of multifunctional hybrid nanomaterials for biomedical applications has received great attention. Herein, we examine the potential toxicity of organophyllosilicates on cells from different organs such as A549 (lung epithelial cancer), HT-29 (colon epithelial cancer), MRC-5 (lung fibroblast) and CCD-986sk (skin fibroblast) cells. For this, aminopropyl functionalized magnesium phyllosilicate (AMP clay) and aminopropyl functionalized calcium phyllosilicate (ACP clay) were prepared using one-pot direct sol-gel method. Toxic effects of these organoclays on normal fibroblast and tumor cells were examined under varying concentrations and exposure times. MTT and LDH assays indicated that both organoclays had little cytotoxicity in all of the cells tested at concentrations as high as 500 μg/mL. Even at high concentration (1000 μg/mL), the toxicity of both organoclays on cell viability and membrane damage was not severe and appeared to be cell type specific. In addition, organoclays did not induce apoptosis at concentrations as high as 1000 μg/mL.

3-aminopropyl functionalized magnesium phyllosilicate as an organoclay based drug carrier for improving the bioavailability of flurbiprofen

“…14 Given that the AMP clay is a nontoxic host material, 14 the in vitro and in vivo observation in the present study strongly support that AMP clay might have a high potential as a drug delivery carrier to improve the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs.…”

“…14 In the concentrations up to 500 µg/mL, the toxicity of AMP clay in terms of cell viability and membrane damage appeared to be minimal. In addition, AMP clay did not induce apoptosis even at concentrations as high as 1,000 µg/mL, implying that the potential toxicity of AMP clay is low.…”

“…The cationic and water-soluble properties of AMP clay have been used to construct hybrid materials with biomolecules and drug delivery systems. [8][9][10][11][12][13] Considering AMP clay is a nontoxic host material, 14 it should have high potential as a promising drug delivery carrier. There have been a few reports indicating the application of AMP clay as an efficient drug delivery system; 9,11-13 however, most of the previous studies were limited to in vitro evaluation.…”

Reductive degradation of perfluorinated compounds in water using Mg-aminoclay coated nanoscale zero valent iron

“…MgAC has been applied for several environmental applications, e.g. soilflushing agent [22], flocculant [23], etc., and it has been reported not to have cytotoxicity to animal cells [24] and aquatic ecotoxicity towards marine bacteria, microalgae, and daphnia [25]. MgAC coated nZVI showed increased feasibility, compared to uncoated nZVI, for applications in water treatment, where high stability and mobility as well as high reactivity for degradation of contaminants are desired.…”

Organically modified clays as binders of fumonisins in feedstocks

“…Although organoclays are commercially available for a variety of applications, such as the production of nano-sized materials, only few studies have been conducted on their toxicity. Han et al, [21] working on cells from different organs concluded that the toxicity of two organoclays on the viability and membrane damage was not severe. Contrasting results were obtained by Lordan et al [22] in experiments aimed to assess the cytotoxicity of a montmorillonite and an organically modified clay by measuring liver cells function and membrane integrity.…”