Magnesium and health outcomes: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational and intervention studies

Veronese, Nicola; Demurtas, Jacopo; Pesolillo, Gabriella; Celotto, Stefano; Barnini, Tommaso; Calusi, Giovanni; Caruso, Maria Gabriella; Notarnicola, Maria; Reddavide, Rosa; Stubbs, Brendon; Solmi, Marco; Maggi, Stefania; Vaona, Alberto; Firth, Joseph; Smıth, Lee; Koyanagi, Ai; Domínguez, Ligia J.; Barbagallo, Mario

doi:10.1007/s00394-019-01905-w

Cited by 65 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…An umbrella review systematically searches, collects and assesses the strength and credibility of the evidence derived from various systematic reviews and meta-analyses on any clinical health outcomes related to a particular exposure 77. Studies have also revealed the strengths and significance of umbrella reviews in detail 78–80. Considering that the associations between H. pylori infection and diverse health outcomes have not been systematically and comprehensively assessed, this umbrella review comprehensively evaluated the methodological quality of meta-analyses and assessed the evidence quality of outcomes from the published meta-analyses of observational studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association betweenH. pyloriinfection and health Outcomes: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses

Tan

Liu

et al. 2020

BMJ Open

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ObjectiveSystematic reviews and meta-analyses have revealed the associations betweenH. pyloriinfection and various health outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the strength and breadth of evidence on the associations.DesignUmbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.SettingNo settings.ParticipantsNo patients involved.Data sourcesEmbase, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library Databases, CNKI, VIP database and Wangfang database from inception to February 1, 2019.Outcomes measuresDiverse diseases (such as cancer and ischaemic heart disease).ResultsSixty articles reporting 88 unique outcomes met the eligible criteria. 74 unique outcomes had nominal significance (p<0.05). Of the outcomes with significance, 61 had harmful associations and 13 had beneficial associations. Furthermore, 73% (64) of the outcomes exhibited significant heterogeneity . Of the these meta-analyses, 32 had moderate to high heterogeneity (I2=50%–75%) and 24 had high heterogeneity (I2>75%). Moreover, 20% exhibited publication bias (p<0.1). In addition, 97% of the methodological qualities were rated ‘critically low’. 36% of the evidence qualities of outcomes were rated ‘low’, 56% of the evidence qualities were rated ‘very low’ and 8% of the evidence qualities were rated ‘moderate’.H. pyloriinfection may be associated with an increased risk of five diseases and a decreased risk of irritable bowel syndrome.ConclusionAlthough 60 meta-analyses explored 88 unique outcomes, moderate quality evidence only existed for six outcomes with statistical significance.H. pyloriinfection may be associated with a decreased risk of irritable bowel syndrome and an increased risk of hypertriglyceridemia, chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis, gestational diabetes mellitus, gastric cancer and systemic sclerosis.Trial registrationCRD42019124680.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association betweenH. pyloriinfection and health Outcomes: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses

Tan

Liu

et al. 2020

BMJ Open

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“…Among micronutrients, magnesium (Mg 2+ ) plays a critical role in brain function and mood since it is essential for optimal nerve transmission and it is involved in the formation of membrane phospholipids. For this reason, it plays a fundamental role in the correct functioning of the central nervous system [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role and the Effect of Magnesium in Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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Introduction: Magnesium is an essential cation involved in many functions within the central nervous system, including transmission and intracellular signal transduction. Several studies have shown its usefulness in neurological and psychiatric diseases. Furthermore, it seems that magnesium levels are lowered in the course of several mental disorders, especially depression. Objectives: In this study, we wish to evaluate the presence of a relationship between the levels of magnesium and the presence of psychiatric pathology as well as the effectiveness of magnesium as a therapeutic supplementation. Methods: A systematic search of scientific records concerning magnesium in psychiatric disorders published from 2010 up to March 2020 was performed. We collected a total of 32 articles: 18 on Depressive Disorders (DD), four on Anxiety Disorders (AD), four on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), three on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), one on Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder (OCD), one on Schizophrenia (SCZ) and one on Eating Disorders (ED). Results: Twelve studies highlighted mainly positive results in depressive symptoms. Seven showed a significant correlation between reduced plasma magnesium values and depression measured with psychometric scales. Two papers reported improved depressive symptoms after magnesium intake, two in association with antidepressants, compared to controls. No significant association between magnesium serum levels and panic or Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) patients, in two distinct papers, was found. In two other papers, a reduced Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) score in depressed patients correlated with higher levels of magnesium and beneficial levels of magnesium in stressed patients was found. Two papers reported low levels of magnesium in association with ADHD. Only one of three papers showed lower levels of magnesium in ASD. ED and SCZ reported a variation in magnesium levels in some aspects of the disease. Conclusion: The results are not univocal, both in terms of the plasma levels and of therapeutic effects. However, from the available evidence, it emerged that supplementation with magnesium could be beneficial. Therefore, it is necessary to design ad hoc clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of magnesium alone or together with other drugs (antidepressants) in order to establish the correct use of this cation with potential therapeutic effects.

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“…Although it has not been demonstrated in humans yet, TRY supplementation also diminished hyperalgesia and reduced serum cortisol concentrations in rats [19]. Furthermore, magnesium (MG) may be involved in psychological disorders [9,13,15,20,21] and biochemical reactions, including protein synthesis and muscle and nerve function [22]. Nevertheless, while studies have shown that MG supplementation may help FM patients, evidence for other clinical outcomes remains generally weak [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological and Sleep Effects of Tryptophan and Magnesium-Enriched Mediterranean Diet in Women with Fibromyalgia

Martínez-Rodríguez

Rubio-Arias

Ramos-Campo

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Anxiety, mood disturbance, eating and sleep disorders, and dissatisfaction with body image are prevalent disorders in women with fibromyalgia. The authors of this study aimed to determine the effects of tryptophan (TRY) and magnesium-enriched (MG) Mediterranean diet on psychological variables (trait anxiety, mood state, eating disorders, self-image perception) and sleep quality in women with fibromyalgia (n = 22; 49 ± 5 years old). In this randomized, controlled trial, the participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the placebo group. The intervention group received a Mediterranean diet enriched with high doses of TRY and MG (60 mg of TRY and 60 mg of MG), whereas the control group received the standard Mediterranean diet. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire, Body Shape Questionnaire, State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Profile of Mood States (POMS-29) Questionnaire, Eating Attitudes Test-26, and Trait Anxiety Inventory were completed before and 16 weeks after the intervention. Significant differences were observed between groups after the intervention for the mean scores of trait anxiety (p = 0.001), self-image perception (p = 0.029), mood disturbance (p = 0.001), and eating disorders (p = 0.006). This study concludes that tryptophan and magnesium-enriched Mediterranean diet reduced anxiety symptoms, mood disturbance, eating disorders, and dissatisfaction with body image but did not improve sleep quality in women with fibromyalgia.

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Magnesium and health outcomes: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational and intervention studies

Cited by 65 publications

References 56 publications

Association betweenH. pyloriinfection and health Outcomes: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses

Association betweenH. pyloriinfection and health Outcomes: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses

The Role and the Effect of Magnesium in Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review

Psychological and Sleep Effects of Tryptophan and Magnesium-Enriched Mediterranean Diet in Women with Fibromyalgia

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