Magnesium as a biodegradable and bioabsorbable material for medical implants

Brar, Harpreet S.; Platt, Manu O.; Sarntinoranont, Malisa; Martin, Peter I.; Manuel, Michele V.

doi:10.1007/s11837-009-0129-0

Cited by 217 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The effect of hydrogen gas depends on location; since it can be removed continuously from the blood stream, Mg has been used as an arterial stent in clinical trials in Europe. 10 However, when Mg or Mg alloys are used at tissue sites with low blood circulation or high sensitivity for pressure (e.g., the brain), hydrogen gas evolution can pose a problem. A second concern is the change of the environment of pH [as illustrated by Eq.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and assessment of a wrapped cylindrical Ca‐P AZ31 Mg alloy for critical‐size ulna defect repair

et al. 2011

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Recently, magnesium has been investigated as a promising bioresorbable orthopedic biomaterial. Its mechanical properties are very similar to natural bone, making it appropriate for load-bearing orthopedic fracture repair applications. However, significant hurdles remain regarding the design of practical implants and methods to control degradation and enhance biocompatibility. Although attempts have been made to hinder magnesium's rapid corrosion via alloying and coating, these studies have used solid monoliths. In an effort to reduce the amount of alloy used for implantation in a shape that mimics cortical bone shape, this study used a thin sheet of Mg AZ31 which was rolled into hollow cylindrical scaffolds. The scaffold was coated with different amounts of Ca-P; this implant demonstrated slowed corrosion in simulated body fluid (SBF) as well as enhanced biocompatibility for mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). In vivo implantation of magnesium alloy scaffold adjacent to the rat femur showed significant biointegration with further deposition of complex Mg-Ca phosphates/carbonates typical of natural bone. Finally, the implant was placed in a critical-size ulna defect in live rabbits, which lead to radiographic union and partial restoration of biomechanical strength in the defect. This study demonstrated that a thin sheet of coated Mg alloy that was spirally wrapped wound be a promising orthopedic biomaterial for bone repair.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and assessment of a wrapped cylindrical Ca‐P AZ31 Mg alloy for critical‐size ulna defect repair

et al. 2011

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“…This was not part of the goals for this study, and has been studied extensively elsewhere [50][51][52][53][54][55][56]. The Mg alloy selected, however, was based on favorable results from these in vivo studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Strategy to Optimize Recovery in Orthopedic Sports Injuries

Sealy¹,

Liu²,

Li³

et al. 2017

J Bioanal Biomed

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An important goal for treatment of sports injuries is to have as short a recovery time as possible. The critical problem with current orthopedic implants is that they are designed to be permanent and have a high complication rate (15%) that often requires removal and replacement with a second surgery; and subsequently a second rehabilitation cycle. This study tests the feasibility of having a device that provides the needed mechanical properties, to promote healing for a specified amount of time and then degrades away to shorten recovery time. The specific strategy was to create a surface layer on a degradable metal alloy with a controllable degradation rate. Previous studies have shown the feasibility of using surface treatments to alter the surface integrity (i.e., topography, microhardness, and residual stress) leading to increased fatigue strength and a decreased degradation rate. This study was an extension of these previous studies to look at the changes in surface integrity and mechanical properties initially as well as the degradation over time for two surface treatments (shot peening and burnishing). Although the treatments improved initial properties and the burnishing treatment slowed the degradation rate, the faster degradation of the base material in vitro (compared to previous studies) probably reduced the overall impact. The study helped support the feasibility of this approach by showing the ability of the surface treatment to modify surface integrity, initial mechanical properties, and degradation rate; the degradation rate of the base material used needs to be slower and/or the surface treatment needs to create a bigger change in the degradation rate. Further it ultimately needs to be shown that the surface treatment can produce a material that will allow orthopedic devices to meet the required clinical design constraints in vivo.

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“…Zr can act as a grain refiner when added in Mg; however it has been found to influence breast and lung cancer. Other RE elements like Ce, Lu, and Pr can improve the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of Mg but they show toxicity in human body [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Alloying Elements on Properties of Biodegradable Magnesium Composite for Implant Application

Hussain¹,

N²,

Bk³

2017

J Powder Metall Min

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This research aims to improve the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of magnesium based composites with addition of zinc and manganese as alloying elements. Mg-Zn-HA, Mg-Mn-HA and Mg-Zn-Mn-HA composites with Mg-HA composite as control have been fabricated through powder metallurgy route. 1.5wt% of alloying elements was added into magnesium matrix for each composite. The composites were prepared by mechanical alloying followed by compaction under 400 MPa and sintering at 400°C. The results showed that with additional alloying element, micro-hardness, compressive strength and corrosion resistance of composites are significantly enhanced compared with Mg-HA composite. The Mg-Zn-Mn-HA composite showed the best properties among Mg-based composite with density, micro-hardness and compressive strength of 1.77 g/cm 3 , 65.5 HV and 210 MPa respectively all in range of properties of human bone. Immersion test in Hank's Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS), weight loss of Mg-Zn-Mn-HA reduces to 0.61% when immerse for 5 hours and to 6.20% for 24 hours immersion.

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Magnesium as a biodegradable and bioabsorbable material for medical implants

Cited by 217 publications

References 28 publications

Design and assessment of a wrapped cylindrical Ca‐P AZ31 Mg alloy for critical‐size ulna defect repair

Design and assessment of a wrapped cylindrical Ca‐P AZ31 Mg alloy for critical‐size ulna defect repair

A Strategy to Optimize Recovery in Orthopedic Sports Injuries

Effect of Alloying Elements on Properties of Biodegradable Magnesium Composite for Implant Application

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