Magnesium oxide (MgO) as an additive to the neem oil for efficient lubrication

Singh, Yashvir; Badhotiya, Gaurav Kumar; Gwalwanshi, Manoj; Negi, Prateek; Bist, Ashish

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.12.1181

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…An engine oil-based nanolubricant was prepared with a concentration of 0.01 wt% of MgO nanopowders. A low concentration of MgO was selected to interpret its effect on friction and consequently wear rather than high concentrations as in previous performed studies [17,18]. Hybrid nanolubricants were prepared with the same MgO concentration and 1 wt% of two different ionic Iiquids: trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate (IL1) or trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinate (IL3) dispersed in the commercial oil 10W-40.…”

Section: Formulation Of Nanolubricant and Hybrid Nanolubricantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanism by which the lubricating behaviour for the nanolubricants is based on metal oxides (Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , CuO, ZnO, ZrO 2 and TiO 2 ) is improved and based on the formation of a layer formed by mechanical compaction [12,[14][15][16]. Among the wide variety of existing nanoparticles, magnesium oxide has better properties than many of them, as it is easily soluble and has lower density [17]. However, MgO has only recently been studied for tribological purposes by Singh et al [17] and Loo et al [18], demonstrating excellent anti-wear results, reducing wear rate by almost 50% in vegetable oil and 7% of wear scar diameter in biofuel, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the wide variety of existing nanoparticles, magnesium oxide has better properties than many of them, as it is easily soluble and has lower density [17]. However, MgO has only recently been studied for tribological purposes by Singh et al [17] and Loo et al [18], demonstrating excellent anti-wear results, reducing wear rate by almost 50% in vegetable oil and 7% of wear scar diameter in biofuel, respectively. These outstanding tribological results were obtained using MgO concentrations of 0.2, 0.6 and 1.2 [17] and 0.1 and 0.2 [18], respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, MgO has only recently been studied for tribological purposes by Singh et al [17] and Loo et al [18], demonstrating excellent anti-wear results, reducing wear rate by almost 50% in vegetable oil and 7% of wear scar diameter in biofuel, respectively. These outstanding tribological results were obtained using MgO concentrations of 0.2, 0.6 and 1.2 [17] and 0.1 and 0.2 [18], respectively. The use of low concentrations of additives in engine oils is more effective in reducing the coefficient of friction in piston rings and cylinder lines [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Investigation of Tribological and Rheological Behaviour of Hybrid Nanolubricants for Applications in Internal Combustion Engines

et al. 2023

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In this study, the improvement in SAE 10W-40 engine oil tribological performance after the addition of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoadditive and two different phosphonium-based ionic liquids (ILs) was investigated. Besides, the rheological behaviour of MgO-based nanolubricant and IL-based hybrid nanolubricants at the temperature range from 293.15 to 363.15 K was studied. The nanoparticle characterization was performed by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The tribological properties, friction coefficients and wear parameters of the formulated oil modified with 0.01 wt% MgO and 1 wt% ILs compared with the neat 10W-40 oil were performed and analysed using a ball-on-three-pins tribometer and a 3D optical profilometer, respectively. Further analysis on the worn surface was shown by Raman spectroscopy and SEM images illustrating the formation of the protective IL and MgO tribo-films as hybrid additives. In friction tests with sliding steel-steel tribo-pairs, IL3-based hybrid nanolubricant decreased the coefficient of friction and wear volume by 7% and 59%, respectively, in comparison with the neat SAE 10W-40, hence better positive synergies were found for MgO and IL3 as hybrid additives. Interestingly, the thermophysical characterization by rheology also revealed that the nanoparticle and ionic liquids addition did not affect neither the viscosity response nor the Newtonian behaviour of the engine oil, adequately meeting the requirements for their use in internal combustion engines. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Formulation Of Nanolubricant and Hybrid Nanolubricantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Investigation of Tribological and Rheological Behaviour of Hybrid Nanolubricants for Applications in Internal Combustion Engines

et al. 2023

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“…Singh et al (2021a) also studied the effect of loads on the friction and wear properties in the presence of the nanolubricants, where the results demonstrated that the maximum friction force was obtained at the high load level. Singh et al (2021aSingh et al ( , 2021b investigated the friction and wear properties of neem oil in the presence of MgO nanoparticles and the effect of MgO nanoparticle concentrations. Their findings revealed that neem oil at a concentration of 0.6% improved both friction and wear properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of nanolubrication on wear and friction resistance between sliding surfaces

Altarawneh

Al-Juboori

2023

ILT

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Purpose Studies on this topic have shown the remarkable lubricating properties, viz. friction-reducing and anti-wear, of certain nanoparticles. This makes them potential candidates for replacing the lubrication additives currently used in automobile lubricants, especially because the latter is known to be pollutants and less efficient in some specific conditions. This has not gone unnoticed to professionals in the sector, including those commercializing these additives, the oil companies and the car industry, all of whom are following this burgeoning research area with keen interest. All of them are faced with the problem of providing lubricants that meet the needs of the technological evolution of engines while respecting ever-stricter environmental norms. Design/methodology/approach The impact of copper oxide (CuO) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles on the tribological properties of the SAE-40 pure diesel oil is studied in this paper. The two nanoparticles are not oxide or deteriorate with the base oil. The average size of CuO and ZnO nanoparticles is 40 and 20 nm, respectively. Nanoparticle concentrations of 0.1 Wt.%, 0.2 Wt.%, 0.3 Wt.%, 0.4 Wt.% and 0.5 Wt.% are tested using a pin-on-disk tribometer to evaluate their impact on friction and wear. The test is carried out at different loads and rotating speeds of 58.86 N and 300 rpm, 39.24 N and 500 rpm and 78.48 N and 900 rpm at room temperature, respectively. Findings The obtained results of the nanolubricants are compared with those of pure diesel oil in terms of % improvement in tribological properties. However, it is observed that an increase in the nanoparticle concentrations does not guarantee to enhance the tribological properties. Similarly, increasing the applied load and the rotating speed does not lead to improving the anti-friction and anti-wear properties. The results obtained revealed that the optimal improvements in the anti-friction and anti-wear properties of the pure oil are 69% and 77% when CuO nanoparticle concentrations of 0.3 Wt.% and the ZnO nanoparticle concentrations of 0.1 Wt.% are used, where the applied load and rotating speed are 39.24 N and 500 rpm, respectively. It has also been noticed that the CuO nanolubricants have a significant impact on the anti-friction property compared with ZnO nanolubricants. Originality/value All these nanoparticles have been the subject of detailed investigation in this research and many key issues have been tackled, such as the conditions leading to these properties, the lubrication mechanisms coming into play, the influence of parameters such as size, structure and morphology of the nanoparticles on their tribological properties/lubrication mechanisms and the interactions between the particles and the lubricant co-additives. To answer such questions, state-of-the-art characterization techniques are required, often in situ, and sometimes an extremely complex set up. Some of these can even visualize the behavior of a nanoparticle in real time during a tribological test. The research on this topic has given a good understanding of the way these nanoparticles behave, and we can now identify the key parameters to be adjusted when optimizing their lubrication properties. Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-08-2022-0234/

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The effect of Mg(OH)2 nanoparticles on the rheological behavior of base engine oil SN500 HVI and providing a predictive new co

Mokarian

Ameri

2022

Arabian Journal of Chemistry

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Magnesium oxide (MgO) as an additive to the neem oil for efficient lubrication

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Experimental Investigation of Tribological and Rheological Behaviour of Hybrid Nanolubricants for Applications in Internal Combustion Engines

Experimental Investigation of Tribological and Rheological Behaviour of Hybrid Nanolubricants for Applications in Internal Combustion Engines

The effect of nanolubrication on wear and friction resistance between sliding surfaces

The effect of Mg(OH)2 nanoparticles on the rheological behavior of base engine oil SN500 HVI and providing a predictive new co

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