Magnesium retards the progress of the arterial calcifications in hemodialysis patients: a pilot study

Tzanakis, Ioannis; Stamataki, E.; Papadaki, Antonia; Giannakis, Nektarios; Damianakis, Nikolaos; Oreopoulos, Dimitrios G.

doi:10.1007/s11255-014-0751-9

Cited by 61 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Our study results are consistent with previously published observational and pilot studies in the dialysis and chronic kidney disease populations [9, 13–19]. A recent cohort study with a maximum follow up of 10.8 years found that a lower serum Mg was associated with increased mortality in PD patients [23].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The transient receptor potential melastin (TRPM)7 cation channel as well as the Wnt/β-catenin pathway are proposed as being essential to Mg regulating vascular calcification [7, 11]. Small observational studies and pilot studies administering Mg containing phosphate binders in dialysis populations have found a significant association between lower serum Mg levels and the progression of CAC, peripheral arterial calcification, mitral annular calcification, and atherosclerosis of the common carotid artery [13–19]. A recent study demonstrated that a higher serum Mg significantly decreased the mortality risk associated with hyperphosphatemia in HD patients [20] As well, a lower serum Mg level has been found to be associated with increased mortality in both HD and PD patients [21–27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Lower serum magnesium is associated with vascular calcification in peritoneal dialysis patients: a cross sectional study

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundCoronary artery calcification (CAC) is highly prevalent among dialysis patients and is associated with increased cardiovascular and all cause mortality. Magnesium (Mg) inhibits vascular calcification in animal and in-vitro studies but whether the same effect occurs in humans is uncertain.MethodsA single centre cross-sectional study of 80 prevalent peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients; on PD only for a minimum of 3 months. A radiologist blinded to patient status calculated their abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) scores on lateral lumbar spine radiographs, a validated surrogate for CAC.ResultsEighty patients provided informed consent and underwent lumbar spine radiography. The mean serum Mg was 0.8 mmol/L (standard deviation 0.2) and mean AAC score 8.9 (minimum 0, maximum 24). A higher serum Mg level was associated with a lower AAC score (R 2 = 0.06, unstandardized coefficient [B] = −7.81, p = 0.03), and remained after adjustment for age, serum phosphate, serum parathyroid hormone, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking history, and diabetes (model adjusted R 2 = 0.36, serum Mg and AAC score B = −11.44, p = 0.00). This translates to a 0.1 mmol/L increase in serum Mg being independently associated with a 1.1-point decrease in AAC score.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that Mg may inhibit vascular calcification. If this association is replicated across larger studies with serial Mg and vascular calcification measurements, interventions that increase serum Mg and their effect on vascular calcification warrant further investigation in the PD population.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12882-017-0549-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower serum magnesium is associated with vascular calcification in peritoneal dialysis patients: a cross sectional study

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Serum Mg levels in the former group significantly increased from baseline (0. [77]. At the end of the study, the number of patients with improved carotid IMT was significantly higher in the Mg-containing phosphate binder group than in the Ca-containing binder group (P = 0.04).…”

Section: Mg-containing Phosphate Bindersmentioning

confidence: 81%

Cardiovascular disease, mortality, and magnesium in chronic kidney disease: growing interest in magnesium-related interventions

Ikee¹

2018

Ren Replace Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Magnesium (Mg) is an essential element that plays pivotal roles in a number of biological processes in the human body. Hypomagnesemia is involved in the pathophysiology of hypertension, vascular calcification, and metabolic derangements including diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia, which are all risk factors for cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Hypomagnesemia is also associated with the development and progression of CKD. As CKD advances, renal Mg excretion decreases and hypermagnesemia emerges in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In addition, dialysates with high Mg concentrations, which were used in the early era of dialysis therapy, increased the risk of hypermagnesemia, and thus, the dialysate Mg composition has since been reduced. Accordingly, dialysis patients in the modern era commonly have normomagnesemia or even hypomagnesemia. The relationships between hypomagnesemia and cardiovascular disease and mortality have been increasingly reported in observational studies in CKD/ESRD. However, these relationships may be attenuated by a patient's race or region. Although dialysates with higher Mg concentrations or Mg-containing phosphate binders appear to be promising in this setting, only a few interventional studies have examined the effects of Mg supplementation on cardiovascular lesions. Furthermore, the effects of Mg supplementation on mortality have not yet been investigated as a primary end-point in randomized controlled trials. Further studies are required in order to establish the efficacy and safety of Mg in CKD patients.

show abstract

“…Tzanakis et al have reported the results of a prospec tive randomized trial in which they allocated 72 stable patients on haemodialysis to receive either magnesium carbonate plus calcium acetate as a phosphate binder (magnesium group) or calcium acetate alone (calcium group). 90 They assessed the presence and progression of arterial calcifications during 12 months using plain Xrays and a simple vascular calcification score. They found worsening of arterial calcification in nine of 32 (28%) patients in the magnesium group and in 12 of 27 (44%) patients in the calcium group (P = 0.276).…”

Section: Intervention Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium and cardiovascular complications of chronic kidney disease

Massy

Drüeke

2015

Nat Rev Nephrol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Abundant experimental evidence suggests a physiological role of magnesium in cardiovascular function, and clinical evidence suggests a role of the cation in cardiovascular disease in the general population. The role of magnesium in CKD-mineral and bone disorder, and in particular its impact on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with CKD, is however not well understood. Experimental studies have shown that magnesium inhibits vascular calcification, both by direct effects on the vessel wall and by indirect, systemic effects. Moreover, an increasing number of epidemiologic studies in patients with CKD have shown associations of serum magnesium levels with intermediate and hard outcomes, including vascular calcification, cardiovascular events and mortality. Intervention trials in these patients conducted to date have had small sample sizes and have been limited to the study of surrogate parameters, such as arterial stiffness, vascular calcification and atherosclerosis. Randomized controlled trials are clearly needed to determine the effects of magnesium supplementation on hard outcomes in patients with CKD.

show abstract

Magnesium retards the progress of the arterial calcifications in hemodialysis patients: a pilot study

Abstract: Magnesium probably retards the arterial calcifications in hemodialysis patients. Further clinical studies are needed to clarify whether magnesium provides cardiovascular protection to this group of patients.

Cited by 61 publications

References 24 publications

Lower serum magnesium is associated with vascular calcification in peritoneal dialysis patients: a cross sectional study

Lower serum magnesium is associated with vascular calcification in peritoneal dialysis patients: a cross sectional study

Cardiovascular disease, mortality, and magnesium in chronic kidney disease: growing interest in magnesium-related interventions

Magnesium and cardiovascular complications of chronic kidney disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About