Magnetic aminated lignin/CeO2/Fe3O4 composites with tailored interfacial chemistry and affinity for selective phosphate removal

Preparation of resin-based composites containing Ce and cationic polymers with abundant promotional affinity sites for phosphate capture

“…23 As Fig. 1(B) and (C) show, the characteristic peak of Ce–O appeared at 475 cm −1 , 5 and in Fig. 1(C), a new peak appeared at 2346 cm −1 , which was contacted with the stretching vibration of –CN–C– in p -DADMAC, 38 the appearance of the above two characteristic peaks (475 and 2346 cm −1 ) indicating that Ce was successfully loaded on the resin, and D301-Ce was combined steadily with p -DADMAC.…”

“…The last stage was at 350–460 °C; at this stage, the aromatic rings were further carbonized, which, in turn, led to a dramatic loss of the quality of D301-Ce + . 5,30 Furthermore, the DTG curve is the first derivative of the TG curve, and it reflected the weight loss rate of the sample. As the yellow curve shows, in the above-mentioned three temperature ranges (30–100 °C, 194–250 °C, and 350–460 °C), D301-Ce + had a faster rate of weight loss, which was mutually corroborated with the TG analysis.…”

“…Hence, most of the phosphorus removal works from wastewater have been focused on the removal of orthophosphate (hereinafter referred to as ''phosphate''). [5][6][7] To date, technique(s) for the removal of phosphate from wastewater include biological methods, 8 chemical precipitation, 9 adsorption, 10 and electrolysis methods. 11 Among the above-mentioned methods, chemical precipitation would produce much chemical sludge, and the process of treating sludge is expensive.…”

“…In addition, according to some reported articles, the phosphate adsorption capacity could be affected by the adsorbents’ surface charges owing to the electrostatic interaction; increasing the positive charges on the surface of the adsorbents is favorable for the removal of phosphate. 5,19,30 Herein, poly-diallyldimethylammonium chloride ( p -DADMAC), a strong cationic polyelectrolyte, which possesses good hydrolytic stability, temperature, and salt resistance, is often used to flocculate small particles in drinking water. In recent years, several researchers have utilized p -DADMAC to modify synthetic adsorbents to increase the adsorbents’ surface positive charges and receive good results.…”

Hybrid amino-terminated lignin microspheres loaded with magnetite and manganese oxide nanoparticles: An effective hazardous oxyanions adsorbent

“…Researchers also explored several nanoparticles for additional functionalization of biosorbents due to their large active surface in comparison to the volumetric and specific features (e.g. magnetic response properties [63]) to further increase adsorption capacity and efficiency, such as magnetite nanoparticles [45,47,52,70], and nano-manganese oxides ( [15]; [22]; [64]), among others.…”