The compound SmRu 4 P 12 , crystallizing in the filled skutterudite-type structure, has attracted much interest because it exhibits a metal-insulator (M-I) transition associated with unconventional antiferromagnetic ordering of the 4f electrons in Sm ions at 16.5 K. Extensive experimental and theoretical studies suggest the M-I transition is due to the occurrence of both magnetic and charge interactions, i.e., the coupling between the multipole moment and the dipole moment. However, the properties of the ordered states and the detailed mechanism of the M-I transition remain unclear. We have studied the effect of Ru-site substitution on SmRu 4 P 12 using electrical resistivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements to elucidate the origin of the M-I transition. Single-phase polycrystalline Sm(Ru 1-x Rh x) 4 P 12 was prepared at high temperature and high pressure. The M-I transition was extremely sensitive to a small amount of Rh substitution, which strongly supports that the instability of Fermi surface nesting plays a fundamental role in the M-I transition of SmRu 4 P 12 .