Magnetic and magneto-optical properties of Co/Nb-codoped TiO2 films deposited by gas flow sputtering

Structure and magnetic properties of Ti1−xCoxO2 nanoparticles prepared by chemical route

“…These spectra show four peaks: the 2p 3/2 and 2p 1/2 spin doublet and their corresponding shake-up resonant transition peaks. The positions of Co 2p 3/2 and Co 2p 1/2 peaks are in agreement with those for Co in the oxidation state of 2+ in CoO [22]. If Co would have been present in the form of metallic clusters, the difference between Co 2p 3/2 and 2p 1/2 peaks would have been 15.05 [23].…”

“…However, these materials show limitations in the potential applications of DMS due to their low Curie temperature [4]. From theoretical predictions, the occurrence of ferromagnetism in wide band gap semiconductors like ZnO, GaN, etc., by doping certain 3d elements, the DMSs have attracted widespread research attention due to their potential applications of spintronics and optical devices [5][6][7][8]. TiO 2 is an attractive wide band gap semiconductor for the fabrication of DMSs [9].…”