We have prepared polycrystalline samples of (Sr1−xLax)2ErRuO6 and (Sr1−xLax)2YRuO6, and have measured the resistivity, Seebeck coefficient, thermal conductivity, susceptibility and x-ray absorption in order to evaluate the electronic states and thermoelectric properties of the doped double-perovskite ruthenates. We have observed a large Seebeck coefficient of −160 µV/K and a low thermal conductivity of 7 mW/cmK for x=0.1 at 800 K in air. These two values are suitable for efficient oxide thermoelectrics, although the resistivity is still as high as 1 Ωcm. From the susceptibility and x-ray absorption measurements, we find that the doped electrons exist as Ru
4+in the low spin state. On the basis of the measured results, the electronic states and the conduction mechanism are discussed.