Magnetic chitosan/calcium alginate double-network hydrogel beads: Preparation, adsorption of anionic and cationic surfactants, and reuse in the removal of methylene blue

Anionic dye removal by immobilized bacteria into alginate-polyvinyl alcohol-bentonite matrix

“…One of the advantages of using the immobilization technique is the reusing of synthesized beads maximum capacity is reached. When optimum capacity has not been achieved, the beads continue to reabsorb the substrate solution [ 59 ]. The measurement of the percentage of MO removal in each cycle is calculated until it reaches 50% or the beads are not able to absorb optimally [ 60 ].…”

Chitosan Hydrogels for Water Purification Applications

“…At a pH value of 5 and a contact time of 24 h, the adsorbent obtained showed the maximum adsorption capacity and a removal efficiency of 56.51% [ 169 ]. Reusable and stable hydrogel-based magnetic double-network CS/CA beads were prepared and used for surfactant adsorption and MB dye removal from water [ 170 ]. The adsorption capacity of the prepared hydrogel beads (surface area of 0.65 m 2 /g) was 1.9 mg/g for the removal of cationic hexadecylpyridinium chloride and 1.2 mg/g for anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate, respectively.…”

Adsorption of cationic/anionic dyes and endocrine disruptors by yeast/cyclodextrin polymer composites

“…Adsorption has been used to purify wastewater owing to advantages such as simple operation, low energy consumption, low susceptibility to secondary pollution, and use of regenerable adsorbents. 10 Wastewater dyes or phenolic chemicals can be removed using natural biomass as an adsorbent. 11,12 Yeast is an inexpensive, readily available raw material and environmentally friendly biosorbent.…”