Magnetic detection of sentinel nodes in oral squamous cell carcinoma by means of superparamagnetic iron oxide contrast

Hernando, Josué; Aguirre, Pablo; Aguilar‐Salvatierra, Antonio; Leizaola‐Cardesa, Ignacio Osoitz; Bidaguren, A.

doi:10.1002/jso.25810

Cited by 9 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Following peritumoral administration of SPIOs, transportation through the lymphatic system is mainly facilitated by macrophages, although unbound transport is seen as well [ 47 ]. SPIO accumulates primarily in lymph node sinuses and can be detected preoperatively on MRI and intraoperatively with a handheld magnetometer [ 23 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 ]. MR lymphography using SPIO has been investigated for several tumor types, including breast and prostate cancer [ 48 , 49 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The systematic literature search retrieved 116 PubMed indexed articles, of which 6 were considered relevant [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 45 , 50 , 51 ]. Of these 6 articles, 3 were animal studies [ 45 , 50 , 51 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of these 6 articles, 3 were animal studies [ 45 , 50 , 51 ]. Cross-reference did not lead to identification of additional relevant articles, resulting in a total of 3 included human studies [ 23 , 24 , 25 ]. One of these studies did not perform preoperative SPIO-enhanced MRI, but was the only study in early-stage OSCC patients that achieved intraoperative localization of SLNs with the magnetometer [ 23 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This paper reviewed new developments in preoperative SLN imaging techniques in patients with early-stage OSCC. None of the included clinical studies contradicted outcomes or clinical translation predictions from corresponding animal studies, in regard of SLN identification using these novel techniques [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 50 , 51 , 64 , 66 , 67 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 ]. The overall reported rate of patients in which SLNs were identified using the presented techniques ranged from 89–100%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inability to detect gadolinium intraoperatively, may be overcome by using SPIO for MR lymphography, as SPIO can be detected by both MRI and a handheld magnetometer [ 23 , 24 ]. Accordingly, SPIO may facilitate intraoperative localization of preoperative depicted SLNs, while maintaining benefits of MR lymphography over other imaging modalities ( Table 2 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Developments in Imaging for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Early-Stage Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Mahieu

Maar

Nieuwenhuis

et al. 2020

Cancers

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Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is a diagnostic staging procedure that aims to identify the first draining lymph node(s) from the primary tumor, the sentinel lymph nodes (SLN), as their histopathological status reflects the histopathological status of the rest of the nodal basin. The routine SLNB procedure consists of peritumoral injections with a technetium-99m [99mTc]-labelled radiotracer followed by lymphoscintigraphy and SPECT-CT imaging. Based on these imaging results, the identified SLNs are marked for surgical extirpation and are subjected to histopathological assessment. The routine SLNB procedure has proven to reliably stage the clinically negative neck in early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, an infamous limitation arises in situations where SLNs are located in close vicinity of the tracer injection site. In these cases, the hotspot of the injection site can hide adjacent SLNs and hamper the discrimination between tracer injection site and SLNs (shine-through phenomenon). Therefore, technical developments are needed to bring the diagnostic accuracy of SLNB for early-stage OSCC to a higher level. This review evaluates novel SLNB imaging techniques for early-stage OSCC: MR lymphography, CT lymphography, PET lymphoscintigraphy and contrast-enhanced lymphosonography. Furthermore, their reported diagnostic accuracy is described and their relative merits, disadvantages and potential applications are outlined.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Developments in Imaging for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Early-Stage Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Mahieu

Maar

Nieuwenhuis

et al. 2020

Cancers

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A complete magnetic sentinel lymph node biopsy procedure in oral cancer patients: A pilot study

et al. 2021

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Performance of a Nonlinear Magnetic Handheld Probe for Intraoperative Sentinel Lymph Node Detection: A Phantom Study

Nieuwenhuis,

Mir,

Horstman-van de Loosdrecht

et al. 2023

Ann Surg Oncol

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Objective This study investigates the performance of the DiffMag handheld probe (nonlinear magnetometry), to be used for sentinel lymph node detection. Furthermore, the performance of DiffMag is compared with a gamma probe and a first-order magnetometer (Sentimag®, linear magnetometry). Methods The performance of all three probes was evaluated based on longitudinal distance, transverse distance, and resolving power for two tracer volumes. A phantom was developed to investigate the performance of the probes for a clinically relevant situation in the floor of the mouth (FOM). Results Considering the longitudinal distance, both DiffMag handheld and Sentimag® probe had comparable performance, while the gamma probe was able to detect at least a factor of 10 deeper. Transverse distances of 13, 11, and 51 mm were measured for the small tracer volume by the DiffMag handheld, Sentimag®, and the gamma probe, respectively. For the large tracer volume this was 21, 18, and 55 mm, respectively. The full width at half maximum, at 7 mm probe height from the phantom surface, was 14, 12, and 18 mm for the small tracer volume and 15, 18, and 25 mm for the large tracer volume with the DiffMag handheld, Sentimag®, and gamma probe, respectively. Conclusions With a high resolving power but limited longitudinal distance, the DiffMag handheld probe seems suitable for detecting SLNs which are in close proximity to the primary tumor. In this study, comparable results were shown using linear magnetometry. The gamma probe reached 10 times deeper, but has a lower resolving power compared with the DiffMag handheld probe.

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Magnetic detection of sentinel nodes in oral squamous cell carcinoma by means of superparamagnetic iron oxide contrast

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

New Developments in Imaging for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Early-Stage Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma

New Developments in Imaging for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Early-Stage Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A complete magnetic sentinel lymph node biopsy procedure in oral cancer patients: A pilot study

Performance of a Nonlinear Magnetic Handheld Probe for Intraoperative Sentinel Lymph Node Detection: A Phantom Study

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