Magnetic Ejection and Oscillation of Diamagnetic Crystals Observed in Microgravity

Uyeda, Chiaki; Hisayoshi, Keiji; Kanou, Shun

doi:10.1143/jpsj.79.064709

Cited by 21 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…According to the above equation, χ DIA should be equivalent to the gradient of a linear relationship v 1 2 =χ DIA (B 1 2 -B 0 2 ). In case of millimetre-sized crystals measured in the previous study, the χ DIA values obtained from the above-mentioned relationship was consistent with their published χ DIA values [6]. In the present study, χ DIA is calculated from a relationship v(x R ) 2 = χ DIA B 0 2 which is deduced from a energy conservation between position x 0 (B=B 0 , v 0 =0) and position x R (B=0, v=v R ).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The present method is free from the two factors; detection of χ DIA is based on a simple conservation rule between kinetic energy and magnetic potential [6]. Accordingly, magnetization of a single diamagnetic grain smaller than mm-size, which is difficult to perform by conventional methods, becomes detectable by the present method.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Whereas the agreement between measured and published χ DIA values compiled in Table 1 show that an accurate χ DIA value is obtained from a calculation based on the equation v(x R ) 2 = χ DIA B 0 2 ; deduction of χ DIA using the above equation is far more simple compared to the analysis based on the relationship of v 1 2 v.s. B 1 2 -B 0 2 , which was performed in previous studies [5] [6].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The above-mentioned properties of magnetic motions expected in μG were recently examined for mm-sized crystals of popular diamagnetic materials, using a conventional μG facility [5,6] period of rotational oscillation in μG condition, small Δχ DIA at a level of 1x10 -9 emu/g was detected [7]. As a step to realize the above-mentioned magnetic ejection at micron-size level, translation was observed in the present study for sub-milimeter sized grain of three diamagnetic materials which had different χ DIA values.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic ejection of submilimeter-sized diamagnetic grains observed in a chamber-type drop shaft

Hisayoshi

Uyeda

Kuwada

et al. 2011

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract. Mass dependence of magnetically induced translation is examined for submilimetersized diamagnetic grain, which is floated in a diffused gas medium of 70 Pa by the use of microgravity μG condition. Here the grains are ejected from field-center of a pole-piece magnetic circuit by field-gradient force in a direction of decreasing field; maximum fieldintensity at initial point is about 0.6T. It was deduced from an energy conservation rule that magnetic potential of the grain at initial position was partially converted to kinetic energy during translation. Therefore, observed velocity was expected to be independent to mass of particle; this is because magnetic potential is proportional to mass of particle. In a given field distribution, the velocity was uniquely determined by intrinsic magnetic susceptibilityχ DIA of material. We report here that the magnetic ejection in μG condition is realized for sub-mm sized crystals of bismuth, graphite and magnesia. The χ DIA values obtained from the ejection agreed fairly well with the published values for the three materials. The mass-independent property of translation was examined by observing the translation of two bismuth grains with different sizes. A chamber-type drop shaft having a height of 1.5 m was introduced to produce the μG condition. By the use of this drop shaft, study of field-induced motion of a single diamagnetic particle becomes possible in an ordinary laboratory.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Magnetic ejection of submilimeter-sized diamagnetic grains observed in a chamber-type drop shaft

Hisayoshi

Uyeda

Kuwada

et al. 2011

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…Mass measurement of sample becomes difficult with the reduction of size. A method to detect magnetization of the mm-sized diamagnetic particle was recently proposed for solving the above mentioned problems [1]. When a diamagnetic grain of mass m is released in the area of static fields with negligible effects of gravity or viscous drag, the translation of the grain occurs by field gradient force mχ DIA H(dH/dx); hereby, the field decreases monotonously along a x-axis, and diamagnetic susceptibility per unit mass is denoted as χ DIA .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field-Induced Translation of Single Ferromagnetic and Ferrimagnetic Grain as Observed in the Chamber-type μG System

Kuwada¹,

Uyeda²,

Hisayoshi³

et al. 2013

Journal of Magnetics

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Translation induced by the field-gradient force is being observed for a single ferromagnetic iron grain and a ferrimagnetic grain of a ferrite sample (CuFe 2 O 4 ). From measurements on the translation, precise saturated magnetization of M S is possible for a single grain. The method is based on the energy conservation rule assumed for the grain during its translation and the grain is translated through a diffuse area under microgravity conditions. The results of the two materials indicate that a field-induced translation of grain bearing spontaneous moment is generally determined by a field-induced potential -mM S H(x) where m denotes the mass of sample. According to the above translations, the detection of M S is not interfered by any signals from the sample holder. The M S measurement does not require m value. By observing translations resulting from fieldinduced volume forces, the magnetization of a single grain is measurable irrespective of its size; the principle is also applicable to measuring susceptibility of diamagnetic and paramagnetic materials.

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Surface energy controlled α–γ–α transformation texture and microstructure character study in ULC steels alloyed with Mn and Al

et al. 2008

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In this article, an ultralow-carbon steel grade alloyed with Mn and Al has been investigated during a-c-a transformation annealing in vacuum. Typical texture and microstructure has evolved as a monolayer of grains on the outer surface of transformation-annealed sheets. This monolayer consists of \100[//ND and \110[//ND fibre, which is very different from the bulk texture components. The selective driving force is believed to reside in the anisotropy of surface energy at the metal-vapour interface. The grain morphology is very different from the bulk grains. Moreover, 30-40% of the grain boundary interfaces observed in the RD-TD surface sections are tilt incoherent \110[ 70.5°boundaries, which are known to exhibit reduced interface energy. Hence, the conclusion can be drawn that the orientation selection of surface grains is strongly controlled by minimization of the interface energy; both metal/vapour and metal/metal interfaces play a roll in this.

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Magnetic Ejection and Oscillation of Diamagnetic Crystals Observed in Microgravity

Cited by 21 publications

References 13 publications

Magnetic ejection of submilimeter-sized diamagnetic grains observed in a chamber-type drop shaft

Magnetic ejection of submilimeter-sized diamagnetic grains observed in a chamber-type drop shaft

Field-Induced Translation of Single Ferromagnetic and Ferrimagnetic Grain as Observed in the Chamber-type μG System

Surface energy controlled α–γ–α transformation texture and microstructure character study in ULC steels alloyed with Mn and Al

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