Magnetic-field-controlled mechanical behavior of magneto-sensitive elastomers in applications for actuator and sensor systems

Becker, Tatiana; Böhm, Valter; Vega, Jhohan Chavez; Odenbach, Stefan; Raǐkher, Yu. L.; Zimmermann, Klaus

doi:10.1007/s00419-018-1477-4

Cited by 45 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A prominent example of field-controllable functional polymers are magneto-active elastomers (MAEs) which feature mechanical moduli that can be enhanced under an applied magnetic field [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ] as well as the ability for magnetically induced deformations [ 2 , 3 , 11 ] and actuation stresses. These properties make MAEs attractive for a variety of technical implementations: up to now, applications for actuators and sensors [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], energy harvesting [ 15 , 16 , 17 ], micro-robots [ 18 ], and -pumps [ 19 ] as well as prosthetic and orthotic devices with tunable stiffness [ 20 ] have been proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magneto-Mechanical Coupling in Magneto-Active Elastomers

et al. 2021

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In the present work, the magneto-mechanical coupling in magneto-active elastomers is investigated from two different modeling perspectives: a micro-continuum and a particle–interaction approach. Since both strategies differ significantly in their basic assumptions and the resolution of the problem under investigation, they are introduced in a concise manner and their capabilities are illustrated by means of representative examples. To motivate the application of these strategies within a hybrid multiscale framework for magneto-active elastomers, their interchangeability is then examined in a systematic comparison of the model predictions with regard to the magneto-deformation of chain-like helical structures in an elastomer surrounding. The presented results show a remarkable agreement of both modeling approaches and help to provide an improved understanding of the interactions in magneto-active elastomers with chain-like microstructures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magneto-Mechanical Coupling in Magneto-Active Elastomers

et al. 2021

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“…Magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) are hybrid materials, comprising an elastic non-magnetizable matrix, such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), interspersed with magnetic fillers like iron oxide particles. First publications concerning such smart magnetorheological elastomers date back to the 1990s [1][2][3][4][5], though they still attract much attention today [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. When applying a magnetic field, MREs undergo a reversible variation of their visco-elastic characteristics and/or undergo a reversible shape change that can be used for actuation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, MREs offer much potential for applications in adaptive damping systems, sensors, valves, and other actuators. Their inclusion in artificial muscles, robots, medical instruments, and haptic applications is also common [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. An efficient usage of MREs for applications would be strongly facilitated by a fundamental understanding of the macroscopic and internal mechanisms under applied magnetic fields: Their physical response to external magnetic fields depends on the influence of experimental parameters such as concentration and distribution of filler particles, matrix stiffness, magnetic field strength, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collision and separation of nickel particles embedded in a polydimethylsiloxan matrix under a rotating magnetic field: A strong magneto active function

et al. 2021

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In order to function as soft actuators, depending on their field of use, magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) must fulfill certain criteria. To name just a few, these can include rapid response to external magnetic fields, mechanical durability, mechanical strength, and/or large deformation. Of particular interest are MREs which produce macroscopic deformation for small external magnetic field variations. This work demonstrates how this can be achieved by just a small change in magnetic field orientation. To achieve this, (super)paramagnetic nickel particles of size ≈ 160 μm were embedded in a non-magnetic polydimethylsiloxan (PDMS) (661–1301 Pa) and their displacement in a stepwise rotated magnetic field (170 mT) recorded using a video microscope. Changes in particle aggregation resulting from very small variations in magnetic field orientation led to the observation of a new strongly magneto-active effect. This configuration is characterized by an interparticle distance in relation to the angle difference between magnetic field and particle axis. This causes a strong matrix deformation which in turn demonstrates hysteresis on relaxation. It is shown that the occurrence strongly depends on the particle size, particle distance, and stiffness of the matrix. Choosing the correct parameter combination, the state can be suppressed and the particle-matrix system demonstrates no displacement or hysteresis. In addition, evidences of non-negligible higher order magnetization effects are experimentally ascertained which is qualitatively in agreement with similar, already theoretically described, particle systems. Even at larger particle geometries, the new strongly magneto-active configuration is preserved and could create macroscopic deformation changes.

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“…Since the strong coupling of magnetic and mechanical fields allows us to induce mechanical deformations that are significantly larger than magneto-strictive effects observed for single-phase materials [ 25 , 26 , 27 ], MAEs have attracted considerable research interest in the fields of micro-robots [ 28 ] and -pumps [ 29 ], as well as coating materials with variable shapes [ 30 ]. The ability to control their mechanical modulus using an external magnetic field also allows for technical applications in the areas of actuators and sensors [ 31 , 32 , 33 ], vibration absorbers [ 34 ], as well as prosthetic devices with tunable stiffness [ 35 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benchmark for the Coupled Magneto-Mechanical Boundary Value Problem in Magneto-Active Elastomers

et al. 2021

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Within this contribution, a novel benchmark problem for the coupled magneto-mechanical boundary value problem in magneto-active elastomers is presented. Being derived from an experimental analysis of magnetically induced interactions in these materials, the problem under investigation allows us to validate different modeling strategies by means of a simple setup with only a few influencing factors. Here, results of a sharp-interface Lagrangian finite element framework and a diffuse-interface Eulerian approach based on the application of a spectral solver on a fixed grid are compared for the simplified two-dimensional as well as the general three-dimensional case. After influences of different boundary conditions and the sample size are analyzed, the results of both strategies are examined: for the material models under consideration, a good agreement of them is found, while all discrepancies can be ascribed to well-known effects described in the literature. Thus, the benchmark problem can be seen as a basis for future comparisons with both other modeling strategies and more elaborate material models.

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Magnetic-field-controlled mechanical behavior of magneto-sensitive elastomers in applications for actuator and sensor systems

Cited by 45 publications

References 19 publications

Magneto-Mechanical Coupling in Magneto-Active Elastomers

Magneto-Mechanical Coupling in Magneto-Active Elastomers

Collision and separation of nickel particles embedded in a polydimethylsiloxan matrix under a rotating magnetic field: A strong magneto active function

Benchmark for the Coupled Magneto-Mechanical Boundary Value Problem in Magneto-Active Elastomers

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