Magnetic Field Interactions of Military and Law Enforcement Bullets at 1.5 and 3 Tesla

Diallo, Idris; Auffret, Mathieu; Attar, Lakdar; Bouvard, Elise; Rousset, J.; Salem, Douraı̈ed Ben

doi:10.7205/milmed-d-15-00246

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, several studies have demonstrated that non-nickel and non-steel based bullets are safe to undergo MRI. 13 - 15 Venous lead levels are routinely drawn on GSW patients in order to obtain baseline values. If spinal instability is present, bracing is offered or surgical intervention consisting of instrumentation and fusion with removal of bullet fragment if encountered.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Civilian Gun Shot Wounds Associated With Spinal Injuries

Jubril

Mesfin

2021

Global Spine Journal

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Study Design: Retrospective Objective: To evaluate functional outcomes and characteristics associated with gunshot wound (GSW) to the spine. Methods: Patients with GSW to the spine managed at a Level 1 Trauma Center from January 2003 to December 2017 were enrolled. Patient demographics, diagnoses, level of injury, American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) score, ambulatory status at follow-up, bowel and bladder function, clinical improvement, and mortality were evaluated. Clinical improvement was defined as a progression in ambulatory status category at latest follow up. Results: 51 patients with GSW of the spine were identified. 48 (94.1%) were male and 3 (5.9%) were female, with a mean age of 27 years-old (range 15-56). 38 (74.5%) were Caucasian, 7 (13.7%) were African American, 1 (2.0%) Asian-American, and 5 (9.8%) were Other/Unknown. 46 (90.2%) patients had GSW related spinal fractures and 44 (86.3%) had neurological deficits. Among patients with neurologic deficits, 5 (9.8%) had Cauda Equina Syndrome, 1 (2%) had Brown-Sequard Syndrome, and 38 (74.5%) spinal cord injuries: ASIA A 26 (68.4%); ASIA B 3 (7.9%); ASIA C 7 (18.4%); ASIA D 2 (5.3%). At mean follow-up time of 4.2 years (SD 3.9), 27 (52.9%) patients were wheelchair bound, 11 (21.6%) were ambulating with assistance, and 13 (25.5%) had normal ambulation. ASIA grade (A or B) was significantly, P < 0.00001, associated with being wheelchair bound and having neurogenic bowel or bladder at follow-up. Conclusions: Most spinal GSW patients (70.6%) did not have any clinical improvement in ambulatory status and most injuries were ASIA A.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Civilian Gun Shot Wounds Associated With Spinal Injuries

Jubril

Mesfin

2021

Global Spine Journal

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“…Several studies have shown that ferromagnetic bullets have the potential to migrate up to 10 cm in gelatine structures and show significant rotation at both 1.5T and 3T . However, nearly all nonsteel and nonnickel containing bullets showed no migration or rotation in magnetic fields up to 7T . Although one study found nonsteel bullets could migrate and rotate, the authors suggested that this could be due to metallic impurities…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MRI safety and devices: An update and expert consensus

Maralani

Schieda

Hecht

et al. 2019

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasing globally, and MRI safety issues regarding medical devices, which are constantly being developed or upgraded, represent an ongoing challenge for MRI personnel. To assist the MRI community, a panel of 10 radiologists with expertise in MRI safety from nine high‐volume academic centers formed, with the objective of providing clarity on some of the MRI safety issues for the 10 most frequently questioned devices. Ten device categories were identified. The panel reviewed the literature, including key MRI safety issues regarding screening and adverse event reports, in addition to the manufacturer's Instructions For Use. Using a Delphi‐inspired method, 36 practical recommendations were generated with 100% consensus that can aid the clinical MRI community. Level of Evidence: 5 Technical Efficacy Stage: 5 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:657–674.

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“…The majority of bullets are MRI compatible but this is not true with shotgun pellets. 35 -38 If a patient is being imaged with MRI and there is ballistic debris in close proximity to critical neurovascular structures, a very thorough risk benefit analysis should be performed with particular attention paid to the effect bullet motion might have.…”

Section: Imaging Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging Ballistic Injuries

2020

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Here in Canada, we often think of gun violence as confined to conflict zones, terrorism, and more of a problem for our southern neighbor. However, in recent years, it has also become a Canadian problem with increased gun violence related to criminal activity presenting in daily practice. Radiologists play a critical role in the evaluation of ballistic trauma and must therefore be familiar with both the common and uncommon patterns of ballistic injury. In this article, we review the mechanisms of ballistic trauma as well as their resultant injury patterns in order to guide image interpretation.

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Magnetic Field Interactions of Military and Law Enforcement Bullets at 1.5 and 3 Tesla

Abstract: Military and law enforcement non-nickel- or nonsteel-containing bullets appear to be safe for patients in MRI system at 1.5 and 3 T. On the other hand, nickel- and steel-containing bullets exhibit movements that are considered potentially unsafe for patients in an MRI environment.

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

Civilian Gun Shot Wounds Associated With Spinal Injuries

Civilian Gun Shot Wounds Associated With Spinal Injuries

MRI safety and devices: An update and expert consensus

Imaging Ballistic Injuries

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