Magnetic flux transport by dipolarizing flux bundles

Liu, Jiang; Angelopoulos, V.; Zhou, X.‐Z.

doi:10.1002/2013ja019395

Cited by 168 publications

(230 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…8. The ion velocities show duskward asymmetry, which is in agreement with previous findings (Juusola et al, 2011;Liu et al, 2014). The ion gradient drift could contribute to such asymmetry when close to the inner edge of the plasma sheet (Hori et al, 2000).…”

Section: Statistical Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Occurrence rate of dipolarization fronts in the plasma sheet: Cluster observations

et al. 2017

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Abstract. We investigate the occurrence rate of dipolarization fronts (DFs) in the plasma sheet by taking full advantage of all four Cluster satellites (C1-4) from years 2001 to 2009. In total, we select 466 joint-observation DF events, in which 318, 282, 254, and 236 DFs are observed by C1, C2, C3, and C4, respectively. Our findings are as follows: (1) the maximum occurrence rate is ∼ 15.3 events per day at X ∼ 15 R E in the XY plane, and the average occurrence rate is ∼ 5.4 events per day over the whole observation period; (2) the occurrence rate on the dusk side of the plasma sheet is larger and decreases with increasing B XY /B Lobe ; (3) the occurrence rate within |Y | < 6 R E increases gradually from X ≈ −19 to −15 R E and then decreases from X ≈ −15 to −10 R E ; (4) the occurrence rate when AE > 200 nT is much larger than that when AE < 200 nT, indicating that DFs preferentially occur during high geomagnetic activity. The magnetic pileup and earthward and duskward ion flows could contribute to the increases in the occurrence rate from X ≈ −19 to −15 R E . We suggest that both geomagnetic activity and multiple DFs contribute to the high occurrence rate of the DFs. In addition, the finite length of the DF in the dawn-dusk direction can affect the chance that a satellite observes the DF.

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Section: Statistical Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Occurrence rate of dipolarization fronts in the plasma sheet: Cluster observations

et al. 2017

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“…All four FAC events were accompanied by a strong dawn-to-dusk electric field (negative E D ) with a magnitude exceeding several 10 s mV/m. This electric field strength is comparable or slightly stronger than the upper quartile value of the electric field of dipolarization flux bundle events in the CPS in the 6 R E region obtained from a statistical study (Liu et al 2014). However, the largest changes take place in the east-west flows (i.e., dawn-dusk flows), V D , and the north-south electric field E H , except for in event (3).…”

Section: Observationssupporting

confidence: 51%

“…From the decrease in occurrence frequency of observing rapid flux transport rate (enhanced dawn-to-dusk electric field, E Y ), it was suggested that flow braking takes place between 10 and 15 R E (Schödel et al 2001). The statistical average of the E Y in the dipolarization front, however, is larger closer to the Earth (Tu et al 2000;Liu et al 2014;Schmid et al 2016), which indicates that the flux transport rate itself increases before the flows brake. This inference is consistent with the large dawn-to-dusk electric field obtained in MHD simulations due to the induced electric field because the magnetic flux piles up in the flow-braking region (Birn and Hesse 1996;Birn et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-Earth plasma sheet boundary dynamics during substorm dipolarization

Nakamura

Nagai

Birn

et al. 2017

Earth Planets Space

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We report on the large-scale evolution of dipolarization in the near-Earth plasma sheet during an intense (AL ~ −1000 nT) substorm on August 10, 2016, when multiple spacecraft at radial distances between 4 and 15 R E were present in the night-side magnetosphere. This global dipolarization consisted of multiple short-timescale (a couple of minutes) B z disturbances detected by spacecraft distributed over 9 MLT, consistent with the large-scale substorm current wedge observed by ground-based magnetometers. The four spacecraft of the Magnetospheric Multiscale were located in the southern hemisphere plasma sheet and observed fast flow disturbances associated with this dipolarization. The high-time-resolution measurements from MMS enable us to detect the rapid motion of the field structures and flow disturbances separately. A distinct pattern of the flow and field disturbance near the plasma boundaries was found. We suggest that a vortex motion created around the localized flows resulted in another fieldaligned current system at the off-equatorial side of the BBF-associated R1/R2 systems, as was predicted by the MHD simulation of a localized reconnection jet. The observations by GOES and Geotail, which were located in the opposite hemisphere and local time, support this view. We demonstrate that the processes of both Earthward flow braking and of accumulated magnetic flux evolving tailward also control the dynamics in the boundary region of the near-Earth plasma sheet.

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“…Another possible emphasis is on events that display multiple rapid magnetic dipolarizations that are embedded within bursty bulk flows. Such events have been found to dominate flux transport in the magnetotail (Liu et al 2014) and correlate with particle acceleration and heating (Gabrielse et al 2014), as well as intense energy conversion ).…”

Section: Full Reconnection Jets (Also Called Bursty Bulk Flows)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing the Context for Reconnection Diffusion Region Encounters and Strategies for the Capture and Transmission of Diffusion Region Burst Data by MMS

et al. 2015

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This paper describes the efforts of our Inter-Disciplinary Scientist (IDS) team to (a) establish the large-scale context for reconnection diffusion region encounters by MMS at the magnetopause and in the magnetotail, including the distinction between X-line and O-line encounters, that would help the identification of diffusion regions in spacecraft data, and (b) devise possible strategies that can be used by MMS to capture and transmit burst data associated with diffusion region candidates. At the magnetopause we suggest the strategy of transmitting burst data from all magnetopause crossings so that no magnetopause reconnection diffusion regions encountered by the spacecraft will be missed. The strategy is made possible by the MMS mass memory and downlink budget. In the magnetotail, it is estimated that MMS will be able to transmit burst data for all diffusion regions, all reconnection jet fronts (a.k.a. dipolarization fronts) and separatrix encounters, but less than 50 % of reconnection exhausts encountered by the spacecraft. We also discuss automated burst trigger schemes that could capture various reconnection-related phenomena. The identification of candidate diffusion region encounters by the burst trigger schemes will be verified and improved by a Scientist-In-The-Loop (SITL). With the knowledge of the properties of the region surrounding the diffusion region and the combination of automated burst triggers and further optimization by the SITL, MMS should be able to capture most diffusion regions it encounters.

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Magnetic flux transport by dipolarizing flux bundles

Cited by 168 publications

References 77 publications

Occurrence rate of dipolarization fronts in the plasma sheet: Cluster observations

Occurrence rate of dipolarization fronts in the plasma sheet: Cluster observations

Near-Earth plasma sheet boundary dynamics during substorm dipolarization

Establishing the Context for Reconnection Diffusion Region Encounters and Strategies for the Capture and Transmission of Diffusion Region Burst Data by MMS

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