Magnetic hysteresis loop technique as a tool for the evaluation of σ phase embrittlement in Fe–Cr alloys

Mohapatra, J. N.; Kamada, Y.; Murakami, Takeshi; Echigoya, J.; Kikuchi, Hiroaki; Kobayashi, Satoru

doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2012.09.030

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The ferrite phase is ferromagnetic, while austenite and chromium nitride are paramagnetic, and sigma is a nonmagnetic phase. 39,[44][45] This difference motivated the use of magnetic methods to detect deleterious phases in DSS. Figure 6 presents the impedance plane typical of EC results, while Figure 7 shows the EC results as phase angle versus the ferrite content in the DSS samples.…”

Section: Magnetic Methods Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic and Electrochemical Techniques as Tools to Detect Deleterious Phases in Duplex Stainless Steels

Leal¹,

Assis²,

Mattos³

et al. 2015

Corrosion

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The development of techniques to detect deleterious phases in duplex and super duplex stainless steel has a great technicalscientific appeal. However, establishing a quality control of these steels using a unique technique of inspection requires an attentive analysis about its limits and sensibility of detections. Thus, the current work compares magnetic techniques based on eddy current methods and electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation with double loop to detect deleterious phases in duplex stainless steel. The limitations and advantages of each technique are discussed mainly concerning the viability to detect sigma phase and chromium nitride. KEY WORDS: cyclic voltammetry, duplex stainless steel, sigma phase ISSN 0010-9312 (print), 1938-159X (online) 15/000141/$5.00+$0.50/0 © 2015, NACE International

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Section: Magnetic Methods Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic and Electrochemical Techniques as Tools to Detect Deleterious Phases in Duplex Stainless Steels

Leal¹,

Assis²,

Mattos³

et al. 2015

Corrosion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, magnetic-based testing approaches can be used for testing duplex stainless steels, since these tests are sensitive to the presence and amount of the ferromagnetic ferrite phase. Mohapatra et al [19,20] showed that the remanence measurement of the magnetic hysteresis loop is able to follow the formation of the σ phase even when presented in low volume fractions. Structure-sensitive magnetic properties like coercivity and remanence are affected by microstructural modifications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced Magnetic Field Used to Detect the Sigma Phase of a 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel

Silva

Leite

et al. 2016

J Nondestruct Eval

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Sigma phases are formed due to heat treatments and/or welding processes during the solidification stage, and they are responsible for embrittlement of duplex stainless steels. Only a small amount of this phase promotes unfavorable mechanical properties and liability to corrosion. In this work, a new affordable approach to detect and follow-up the kinetics of the sigma phase transformation is evaluated. The measurements are based on an induced magnetic field generated through the interaction between an external magnetic field and the microstructure under study. To validate this approach, the induced magnetic field values are compared with the values of the Charpy impact energy, and the sigma phase is assessed by optical microscopy. Moreover, surface fractures are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results from the 2205 duplex stainless steel used show that there is a direct relation among the impact energy, fracture mechanism and induced magnetic field. The method proved to be able to follow up the embrittlement of the DSS successfully. Moreover, the results confirm that the presence of a sigma phase can be studied based on 4 an induced magnetic field, even when in low amounts, and that a critical threshold value can be defined to monitor structures in service.

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High throughput synthesis of CoCrFeNiTi high entropy alloys via directed energy deposition

Liu

Grohol

Shin

2022

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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Magnetic hysteresis loop technique as a tool for the evaluation of σ phase embrittlement in Fe–Cr alloys

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Magnetic and Electrochemical Techniques as Tools to Detect Deleterious Phases in Duplex Stainless Steels

Magnetic and Electrochemical Techniques as Tools to Detect Deleterious Phases in Duplex Stainless Steels

Induced Magnetic Field Used to Detect the Sigma Phase of a 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel

High throughput synthesis of CoCrFeNiTi high entropy alloys via directed energy deposition

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