“…They were assumed to be involved in magnetic field detection (Gould et al, 1980), probably due to iron protein ferritin and the ferrimagnetic responses of nanoscale magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) particles (Desoil et al, 2005). Nanoparticles were also found in body parts of other social insects, such as ants Abracado et al, 2005), termites (Alves et al, 2004), and meliponinae bees (Lucano et al, 2006). Nanoparticles, in general, demonstrate unique characteristics with elevated strength, high electrical conductivity, and extra chemical reactivity (Nykypanchuk et al, 2008), as well as distinctive chemical, physical, and biological properties (Leiderer & Dekorsy, 2008;Bhattacharyyal et al, 2008;Sabbour, 2013).…”