“…To facilitate the conversion smoothly, high temperature, [21] microwave [13,16b,22] and ultrasonic irradiation are typical strategies in combination with certain catalysts (Scheme 2b). In recent studies, many highly efficient catalysts with good stability and reusability such as clay, [23] activated Fuller's earth, [24] functionalized ionic liquid (3‐( N , N ‐dimethyldodecylammonium)propanesulfonic acid hydrogen sulfate), [25] porous carbon spheres (doped by nitrogen and sulfur, and ferric hydrogen sulfate), [26] and nanocatalysts (modified graphene oxide gold nanoparticles [27] and magnetic nanocrystallites strontium hexaferrite [28] ) (Scheme 2c) have been developed. However, in most cases, it usually took a long time for reaction completion under the assistance of catalysts at moderate to high temperatures.…”