Magnetic nanoparticles as green catalysts in organic synthesis-a review

Montmorillonite-catalysed coupling reactions: a green overview

“…The green approach involves designing a chemical protocol that eliminates the formation and use of hazardous chemicals and promotes sustainable and economical substances in the procedure. 15 New green catalysts, like ionic liquids, 16 magnetic nanoparticles, 17 zeolites, 18 phase-transfer catalysts, 19 solid acids 20 and clay catalysts 21 have emerged that have proved to be efficient alternatives to the conventional catalysts. Clay catalysts, characterized by their heterogeneity and solid nature, have gained significant research attention among these green catalysts.…”

Bimetallic AuCo supported on magnetic crosslinked copoly(ionic liquid) nanohydrogel and study of its catalytic activity

“…One way to increase the dispersion of magnetic materials in aqueous media is to prepare a magnetic hydrogel material with ionic or polar functional groups. 38,39 Along this line, ionic liquids (IL) having good solubility in aqueous media, with the possibility to synthesize them with different functional groups, represent an excellent media to anchor the desired magnetic catalysts. 40,41 Nowadays, removing pollutants from water is a challenge for many scientists.…”

“…For instance, poor distribution of magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) in aqueous media considerably limits their applications in different transformations. One way to increase the dispersion of magnetic materials in aqueous media is to prepare a magnetic hydrogel material with ionic or polar functional groups 38,39 . Along this line, ionic liquids (IL) having good solubility in aqueous media, with the possibility to synthesize them with different functional groups, represent an excellent media to anchor the desired magnetic catalysts 40,41 …”

Palladium complex supported on the surface of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles: an ecofriendly catalyst for carbonylative Suzuki-coupling reactions

“…[21][22][23][24] A large active surface area and excellent selectivity in magnetic nanocatalysts increase the speed and efficiency of the reaction. [25][26][27] Magnetic nanocatalysts combine the merits of homogeneous (high level) and heterogeneous (separability) catalysts. [28][29][30] The most research among magnetic nanoparticles has been done on Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles because the structures of magnetic nanocatalysts are very diverse, and it is easy to isolate and change their performance by chemical modication.…”