Magnetic nanoparticles embedded in pectin‐based hydrogel for the sustained release of diclofenac sodium

Abstract

A supermagnetic polysaccharide‐based nanocomposite gel has been developed as a potential drug delivery system. The gel was made via graft copolymerization of 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid on pectin using ammonium peroxodisulfate as an initiator and N,N‐methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinker under microwave irradiation. The magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were incorporated within the gel network via an in situ method of diffusion of Fe2+/Fe3+ followed by reduction with ammonia solution. The graft copolymer gel and its nanocomposite were characterized using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, powder X‐ray diffraction, field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The magnetic properties of the nanocomposite were measured using a vibrating sample magnetometer and mechanical properties using a tensile compressive tester. The gel was evaluated for adsorption and release of the drug diclofenac sodium. The presence of MNPs is observed to enhance significantly the mechanical properties, swelling capacity, drug loading and release ability of the graft polymer gel. The increased porosity of the gel network and higher surface area of MNPs allowed for 20% higher adsorption of diclofenac sodium molecules compared to the parent nonmagnetic gel. About 95% of the loaded drug was released from the MNP‐containing gel. The drug release pattern followed first‐order kinetic model and the Higuchi square root model, indicating swelling‐controlled diffusion to be the mode of drug release. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

Synthesis and characterization of a novel double network hydrogel based on gellan‐gum crosslinked by octavinyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane for heavy metal removal

“…Most OV‐POSS granules sublimate and break down as temperature rises 33 . Gellan and DNNH 4 lost 15%–35% of their weight when heated to 220°C 34 . Between 140–330 and 330–470°C, SN hydrogel decreased weight.…”

Pectin Based Hydrogels for Drug Delivery Applications: A Mini Review

“…Due to the porous network and high surface of the MNPs, the MNP-based pectin hydrogels displayed 68.84% of drug loading efficiency, however, without MNPs, the Pec-based hydrogels showed only 44.84% of loading efficiency. It was identified that around 95% of the DS drug was released from the MNP based Pec hydrogels, suggesting that swelling controlled the diffusion mode of the drug release profiles [ 50 ].…”

Fabrication of a Double Core–Shell Particle-Based Magnetic Nanocomposite for Effective Adsorption-Controlled Release of Drugs

“…Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles have been combined with large number of polymers for vast applications, e.g.,polylactide-co-glycolide combined with iron oxide nanoparticles has been applied for the encapsulation of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs [29]. AMPS incorporated with pectin followed by the loading of IONPs has been applied for the controlled release of diclofenac sodium [30].…”