Magnetic-NIR Persistent Luminescent Dual-Modal ZGOCS@MSNs@Gd₂O₃ Core–Shell Nanoprobes For In Vivo Imaging

Abstract

Recently, Gd3+-based NIR persistent luminescence nanoparticles have been proposed as highly promising multimodal nanoprobes for full-scale visualization medical techniques in early diagnosis of cancer. However, they still face with some problems, such as hampering further functionalization for the loss of available surface, shortening plasma half-life of the probe caused by inevitable size increase, and reducing SNR because of significant persistent intensity loss. In this study, a novel core–shell structure Gd3+-based NIR persistent luminescence multimodal probe ZGOCS@MSNs@Gd2O3 for T1-weighted MR imaging and NIR persistent luminescence imaging was successfully synthesized using MSNs as the reaction vessels for ZGOCS nanoparticles and the core for Gd2O3 shell. Compared with previously reported Gd3+-based NIR persistent luminescence-based multimodal nanoprobes, the as-prepared nanoparticles enable surface available, no persistent intensity loss and only a slight size increase. Moreover, this multifunctional nanoprobe not only retains excellent NIR persistent luminescence properties with rechargeable ability, but also possesses high longitudinal relaxivity via the Gd2O3 shell, positioning ZGOCS@MSNs@Gd2O3 as highly promising nanoprobe for future multimodal bioimaging.

Near infrared mechanoluminescence from Sr3Sn2O7: Nd3+for in situ biomechanical sensor and dynamic pressure mapping

“…Moreover, Figure D denotes that ML signal is able to penetrate HAP which is the main constituent of bones. These results reveal that Nd 3+ doped Sr 3 Sn 2 O 7 with efficient NIR ML emissions can be used as a novel bio‐mechanical sensor material, and, these provide a possible way to realize in situ bio‐mechanical behaviors visualization inside living body.…”

Site occupancy and enhanced luminescence of broadband NIR gallogermanate phosphors by energy transfer

“…The near‐infrared (NIR) light sources have received far‐ranging attention in real‐time non‐destructive examination applications, including biological recognition, vivo imaging, especially food testing . The NIR light could penetrate into the alimental elements and biological tissues securely .…”

Near Infrared-Emitting Cr3+/Eu3+ Co-doped Zinc Gallogermanate Persistence Luminescent Nanoparticles for Cell Imaging

“…The excitation spectrum monitored at 697 nm covers a very broad spectral region (from 200 to 650 nm) and consists of four main excitation bands peaking at 273, 328, 410, and 569 nm, respectively. The excitation band at 273 nm is ascribed to the charge transfer band of O 2− -Ga 3+ in ZnGa 2 O 4 host, while the later bands originate from the inner transitions of Cr 3+ , including the 328-nm band originating from the 4 A 2  →  4 T 1 ( te 2 ) transition, the 410-nm band originating from the 4 A 2  →  4 T 1 ( t 2 e ), and the 569-nm band originating from the 4 A 2  →  4 T 2 ( t 2 e ) [19, 20]. Incorporation of Eu 3+ did not appreciably alter the positions of the PLE bands but significantly increased the intensities of the inner transitions of Cr 3+ , with I 410 / I 273 increasing from 0.18 to 0.56.…”

“…The ceramic-disc samples exhibited afterglow time up to 360 h at the NIR region, but the bulky materials are unsuitable for in vivo bioimaging. NIR-emitting long-persistent luminescent nanoparticles of ZnGa 2 O 4 :Cr 3+ [22, 23], ZnGa 2 O 4 :Cr 3+ ,Sn 4+ [19–21], and Zn 2.94 Ga 1.96 Ge 2 O 10 :Cr 3+ ,Pr 3+ [9] were synthesized by a sol-gel method in combination with a subsequent reducing atmosphere-free calcination. The persistent luminescence of the nanoparticles powder exhibits bright NIR luminescence in the biological transparency window with a superlong afterglow time.…”