Magnetic Optical Microarray Imager for Diagnosing Type of Diabetes in Clinical Blood Serum Samples

Singh, Vini; Rodenbaugh, Cassandra; Krishnan, Sadagopan

doi:10.1021/acssensors.5b00273

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Based on the ELISA estimation of free serum insulin present in solution before and after binding onto the MNPs, successful capturing of the insulin onto MNPs was confirmed and quantitated. 56,75 The insulin-captured MNPs were allowed to bind insulin antibody immobilized on Au microarray for measurement by the SPR imager (Fig. 7a, 7b).…”

Section: Transduction Methods For Measurements Of Insulin Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical and surface plasmon insulin assays on clinical samples

Singh

Krishnan

2018

Analyst

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Diabetes is a complex immune disorder that requires extensive medical care beyond glycemic control. Recently, the prevalence of diabetes, particularly type 1 diabetes (T1D), has significantly increased from 5% to 10%, and this has affected the health-associated complication incidences in children and adults. The 2012 statistics by the American Diabetes Association reported that 29.1 million Americans (9.3% of the population) had diabetes, and 86 million Americans (age ≥20 years, an increase from 79 million in 2010) had prediabetes. Personalized glucometers allow diabetes management by easy monitoring of the high millimolar blood glucose levels. In contrast, non-glucose diabetes biomarkers, which have gained considerable attention for early prediction and provide insights about diabetes metabolic pathways, are difficult to measure because of their ultra-low levels in blood. Similarly, insulin pumps, sensors, and insulin monitoring systems are of considerable biomedical significance due to their ever-increasing need for managing diabetic, prediabetic, and pancreatic disorders. Our laboratory focuses on developing electrochemical immunosensors and surface plasmon microarrays for minimally invasive insulin measurements in clinical sample matrices. By utilizing antibodies or aptamers as the insulin-selective biorecognition elements in combination with nanomaterials, we demonstrated a series of selective and clinically sensitive electrochemical and surface plasmon immunoassays. This review provides an overview of different electrochemical and surface plasmon immunoassays for insulin. Considering the paramount importance of diabetes diagnosis, treatment, and management and insulin pumps and monitoring devices with focus on both T1D (insulin-deficient condition) and type 2 diabetes (insulin-resistant condition), this review on insulin bioassays is timely and significant.

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Section: Transduction Methods For Measurements Of Insulin Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical and surface plasmon insulin assays on clinical samples

Singh

Krishnan

2018

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“…Secondary antibodies (Ab 2 ) specific for the IgE ϵ ‐chain were immobilized onto the MB to bind IgE antibodies from serum. This tended to lower the nonspecific binding of other serum proteins to the array surface . Differential epitope responses to allergen‐specific IgE antibodies were achieved by providing a binding environment designed to detect low IgE concentrations with minimal cross‐reactivity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epitope‐Resolved Detection of Peanut‐Specific IgE Antibodies by Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging

et al. 2018

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Peanut allergy can be life-threatening and is mediated by allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. Investigation of IgE antibody binding to allergenic epitopes can identify specific interactions underlying the allergic response. Here, we report a surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) immunoassay for differentiating IgE antibodies by epitope-resolved detection. IgE antibodies were first captured by magnetic beads bearing IgE ε-chain-specific antibodies and then introduced into an SPRi array immobilized with epitopes from the major peanut allergen glycoprotein Arachis hypogaea h2 (Ara h2). Differential epitope responses were achieved by establishing a binding environment that minimized cross-reactivity while maximizing analytical sensitivity. IgE antibody binding to each Ara h2 epitope was distinguished and quantified from patient serum samples (10 μL each) in a 45 min assay. Excellent correlation of Ara h2-specific IgE values was found between Immuno-CAP assays and the new SPRi method.

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“…Another quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) mass sensor method has been reported for detection of thrombin (in diluted serum or fibrinogen-precipitated plasma samples) by a magnetic microbead polymeric material and detection on an aptamer-immobilized QCM crystal based on oscillation frequency decrease [66]. Translating the quantitative knowledge derived from a single-sample QCM analysis sensor into a relatively better throughput surface plasmon imaging gold array enabled magnetic nanoparticle captured serum insulin (50% serum in buffer) detection at picomolar concentrations (Figure 3D) [67]. Advancements in microfluidic designs enabled on-line protein capturing by magnetic beads and ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of interleukin cancer biomarkers (IL-6 and IL-8) in undiluted calf serum [68].…”

Section: Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Particle Bioconjugates: A Versatile Sensor Approach

Krishnan

Goud

2019

Magnetochemistry

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: Nanomaterial biosensors have revolutionized the entire scientific, technology, biomedical, materials science, and engineering fields. Among all nanomaterials, magnetic nanoparticles, microparticles, and beads are unique in offering facile conjugation of biorecognition probes for selective capturing of any desired analytes from complex real sample matrices (e.g., biofluids such as whole blood, serum, urine and saliva, tissues, food, and environmental samples). In addition, rapid separation of the particle-captured analytes by the simple use of a magnet for subsequent detection on a sensor unit makes the magnetic particle sensor approach very attractive. The easy magnetic isolation feature of target analytes is not possible with other inorganic particles, both metallic (e.g., gold) and non-metallic (e.g., silica), which require difficult centrifugation and separation steps. Magnetic particle biosensors have thus enabled ultra-low detection with ultra-high sensitivity that has traditionally been achieved only by radioactive assays and other tedious optical sources. Moreover, when traditional approaches failed to selectively detect low-concentration analytes in complex matrices (e.g., colorimetric, electrochemistry, and optical methods), magnetic particle-incorporated sensing strategies enabled sample concentration into a defined microvolume of large surface area particles for a straightforward detection. The objective of this article is to highlight the ever-growing applications of magnetic materials for the detection of analytes present in various real sample matrices. The central idea of this paper was to show the versatility and advantages of using magnetic particles for a variety of sample matrices and analyte types and the adaptability of different transducers with the magnetic particle approaches.

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Magnetic Optical Microarray Imager for Diagnosing Type of Diabetes in Clinical Blood Serum Samples

Cited by 17 publications

References 37 publications

Electrochemical and surface plasmon insulin assays on clinical samples

Electrochemical and surface plasmon insulin assays on clinical samples

Epitope‐Resolved Detection of Peanut‐Specific IgE Antibodies by Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging

Magnetic Particle Bioconjugates: A Versatile Sensor Approach

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